2. 外语
  3. By the year 2000 nearly half the workforce in Europe are over 40 and yet throughout Europe there is a deep ambivalence (犹豫)—if n

By the year 2000 nearly half the workforce in Europe are over 40 and yet throughout Europe there is a deep ambivalence (犹豫)—if n

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问题     By the year 2000 nearly half the workforce in Europe are over 40 and yet throughout Europe there is a deep ambivalence (犹豫)—if not outright suspicion—towards the capabilities of older workers.
    Those over the age of 40 generally take longer to find new employment, but European governments have done little to protect their employment rights. Only Germany, with incentives to business to encourage the employment of older people, and France, with the introduction of legislation making it illegal to use age barriers in recruitment or to make employees redundant because of their age have done anything substantive to combat age discrimination.
    Yet even in these two countries, there has been no noticeable improvement in the lot of the older workers; indeed, in France, job advertisements flout(轻视，反对)the law openly by asking for applicants of a certain age. So, should France and Germany be tightening up their laws and should the rest of Europe follow suit?
    Bill Robbins, a careers consultant said, "Legislation against age discrimination has been in existence for well over ten year in the US and Canada, but has had no effect. Employers will always be able to find some reasons for turning down an older applicant without appearing to break the law. "
    Ironically, it was governments which played a leading role in hardening business culture against older workers in the first place. In the late 1970s, many European countries were extremely concerned about the levels of youth unemployment, and France, Germany and Belgium even initiated incentive schemes for businesses to encourage older employees to take early retirement provided that younger trainees were taken on in their place. As more and more employees took early retirement, often willingly, a new, youth-oriented culture permeated business throughout most of Europe—even in those countries that had taken no active measures to promote it.
    Demographic(人口统计学的) trends mean that governments are now anxious to slow down the policy of early retirement as they realize that they simply do not have the funds to meet their pension promises. But reversing business attitudes is no easy matter. Dianah Worman a policy adviser said, "There is a widely held belief that older people are less adaptable and trainable. This is just not true: research has shown that differences in capability are as wide within age groups as they are between them. "
France, US and Canada have all taken which of the following steps to discourage age discrimination?
选项 A、Encourage businesses to employ older people by offering rewards.
B、Make age discrimination in respect of employment illegal.
C、Enforce age discrimination laws strictly.
D、Refuse to employ younger workers.
答案B
解析 通读全文可知就业方面年龄歧视非法化是美国、加拿大、法国这三个国家的共同做法。其中第二段说法国的做法是通过立法，第四段说美国和加拿大反对年龄歧视的立法已经有十几年了。因此本题的正确答案为B。
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