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  3. Many of the most flexible examples of tool use in animals come from primates(the order that includes humans, apes, and monkeys

Many of the most flexible examples of tool use in animals come from primates(the order that includes humans, apes, and monkeys

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问题     Many of the most flexible examples of tool use in animals
come from primates(the order that includes humans, apes, and
monkeys). For example, many wild primates use objects to
threaten outsiders. Or there are many examples of tool use by【S1】______
the other mammals, as well as by birds and other types of animals.【S2】______
    Tools are used by many species in the capture or preparation of
food. Chimpanzees use sticks and poles to bring up ants and termites【S3】______
(白蚁)from their hiding places. Among the most complex tool use
observing in the wild is the use of stones by Ivory Coast chimpanzees【S4】______
to crack nuts open. They select a large flat stone as anvil(a heavy【S5】______
block on which to place the nuts)and a smaller stone as a hammer.
Stones suitable for use as anvils are not easy to find, but thus often a【S6】______
chimpanzee may carry a haul of nuts more than 40 meters to find a
suitable anvil. The use of tools in chimpanzees is especially
interesting while these animals sometimes modify tools to make them【S7】______
better suited their intended purpose. To make a twig more effective【S8】______
for digging out termites, for example, a chimp may first strip it of its
leaves.
    Surprisingly, there is also a species of bird that use sticks to【S9】______
probe holes in the search for insects. One of the species of
Galapagos finch(雀类), the woodpecker finch, picks up or breaks
off a twig, cactus spine, or leaf stem. This primitive tool is then
held in their beak and used to probe for insects in holes in trees that【S10】______
the bird cannot probe directly with its beak. Birds have been seen to
carry twigs from tree to tree searching for prey.
【S4】
选项
答案observing—observed
解析 非谓语动词误用。现在分词作定语时表示动作的进行和主动，过去分词表完成和被动，在这句话中，工具的使用情况是观察的对象，所以应该使用过去分词表被动。
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