2. 外语
  3. Anthony: It has been established that over 80 percent of those who use heroin have a history of having used marijuana. Such evid

Anthony: It has been established that over 80 percent of those who use heroin have a history of having used marijuana. Such evid

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问题 Anthony: It has been established that over 80 percent of those who use heroin have a history of having used marijuana. Such evidence would seem to prove that smoking marijuana definitely leads to heroin use. Judith: Maybe smoking marijuana does lead to heroin use, but it is absurd to think that citing those statistics proves that it does. After all, 100 percent of the people who take up heroin had a previous history of drinking water. Judith’s reply to Anthony’s argument relies on which one of the following argumentative strategies?
选项 A、Offering evidence suggesting that the statistics Anthony cites in support of his conclusion are inaccurate.
B、Undermining the credibility of his conclusion by showing that it is a statement from which absurd consequences can be derived.
C、Providing an example to show that not everything that promotes heroin use is unsafe.
D、Demonstrating that Anthony’ s line of reasoning is flawed by showing that such reasoning can lead to clearly false conclusions.
E、Calling into question the possibility of ever establishing causal connections solely on the basis of statistical evidence.
答案D
解析 本题可作为GRE、GMAT作文的绝好范文。(D)选项正确争议不大，思考(B)为什么错至关重要。如果把Judith论述的第一句话去掉，那么(B)就可以正确了，但加上了“Maybe smoking marijua—na does lead to heroin use”，正确答案就只能为(D)了。
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