首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Environmental asceticism has created a vogue for upgrading light-bulbs and tweaking thermostats(恒温器). But according to a new pie
Environmental asceticism has created a vogue for upgrading light-bulbs and tweaking thermostats(恒温器). But according to a new pie
admin
2013-10-22
66
问题
Environmental asceticism has created a vogue for upgrading light-bulbs and tweaking thermostats(恒温器). But according to a new piece of research, many of these actions however virtuous arise from faulty perceptions of energy savings.
Shahzeen Attari of Columbia University and her colleagues recruit 505 volunteers from across America. Each was asked to estimate the energy consumption of nine household devices as well as the energy savings incurred by six green activities. The researchers then compared the volunteers’ estimates with the actual energy requirements or savings in question.
Their results suggest that although people do grasp basic energy trends, they are decidedly hazy on the details. On average, participants underestimated both energy use and energy savings by a factor of 2. 8 mostly because they undervalued the requirements of large machines like heaters and clothes dryers. As a result, they failed to recognize the huge energy savings that can come from improving the efficiency of such appliances.
Miscalculations like these hinder conservation efforts. When asked to rank the single most effective way to save energy, participants typically endorsed activities with small savings, such as turning off lights, while ignoring what they could economize on larger devices. This suggests that people misallocate their efforts, fretting(烦恼)over an unattended lamp(at 100 watts)while neglecting the energy they could save by shifting their washer settings from "hot" to "warm"(4 000 watt-hours for each load of laundry).
A quirk(怪癖)of human psychology could help to explain these persistent underestimates. When calculating such things, people often adopt a familiar unit as a mental scale and then generate predictions based on that unit. As a side-effect, their estimates cluster too closely around the measure a phenomenon called "anchoring. "
This suggests an obvious criticism: by providing the light-bulb figure, the researchers primed their subjects to underestimate energy consumption. But the authors argue that rather than introducing a methodological flaw, they simply acknowledged a shared point of reference. When it comes to an accessible, quantitative measure of energy, consumers are uniquely familiar with the 100W bulb. As a result. Dr. Attari expects bulbs to exert an anchoring effect on the general population as well as on her volunteers, contributing to widespread underestimates of the energy demands of large appliances.
What is the most effective way to save energy according to the author?
选项
A、Realizing the benefit of turning off a bulb.
B、Cutting down the use of larger devices.
C、Calculating energy consumption accurately.
D、Changing the settings of appliances.
答案
B
解析
推理判断题。定位句表明研究中的志愿者们通常会很在意小事情,而忽视在高能耗电器上节约用电。作者认为“这是本末倒置”,由此可知B)“减少较大电器的使用”为本题正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/rac7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
Inthe1960s,manypeopleinNorthAmericaturnedtheirattentiontoenvironmentalproblems,andnewsteel-and-glassskyscrapers
A、Declininghealth.B、Lackofattention.C、Lossofmotivation.D、Improperbehavior.BAccordingtotheexperiment,whatproblemc
A、Shecanreturntheloanontime.B、Shepossessedacostlycar.C、Sheborrowedalotofmoney.D、Sheisamultimillionaire.D题目
Thevolleyballplayers,______(在教练员的带领下),cameforwardtoreceivethecup.
A、Shewantstoreturntheskirtherhusbandbought.B、Shewantstobuyanotherskirt.C、Shewantstochangetheblueskirtfora
A、TodisplaytheancientGreekcivilization.B、Toletmorenationsandathletestotakepartin.C、Topresenttheworld’smosti
随机试题
属于肾实质性少尿的是()
(2010年第29题)体内胆固醇生物合成的限速酶是
A.滋阴清热,固精止带B.滋阴清热,补心养血C.疏肝养血,通乳D.益气养血,理气活血,止痛E.理气养血,暖宫调经下乳涌泉散常用于治疗肝郁气滞所致的产后乳汁过少,因其具有的功能为()。
关于肝、肾功能减退患者抗菌药物的应用A、青霉素B、红霉素C、异烟肼D、氟胞嘧啶E、特比萘芬严重肝病患者应减量慎用、肾功能减退患者应避免使用的是
留尿做爱迪计数检查,应加甲醛防腐剂,其做法是()
1.需要预测某宗房地产2004年的价格,已知该类房地产1999~2003年的价格及逐年上涨额如下:1999年时,房地产价格的实际值为681元/m2。2000年时,房地产价格的实际值为713元/m2,逐年上涨额为32元/m2,房地产价格的趋势值为714.
证券经纪业务的合规风险主要是指证券公司在经纪业务活动中发生违反法律、行政法规和监管部门规章及规范性文件、行业规范和自律规则、公司内部规章制度、行业公认并普遍遵守的职业道德和行为准则等行为,可能使证券公司受到法律制裁、被采取监管措施、遭受财产损失或声誉损失的
下列关于费用特点的说法中,正确的有()。
小王:“不知道为什么,对我来说,英语这么难学,四级我都考了三次了,每次都差那么一点点,我觉得自己真没用!”社会工作者:“小王,我理解你的感受,但不是你一个人,小李、小张在前面都有过同样的经历和感觉,我记得我在读大学时,学高等数学时也碰到过这样的困境。”小王
19世纪前,技术、科学发展相对独立。而19世纪的电气革命,是建立在科学基础上的技术创新,它不可避免地导致了两者的结合与发展,而这又使人类不可避免地面对尖锐的伦理道德问题和资源环境问题。以下哪项符合题干的断定?以下哪项符合题干的断定?Ⅰ.产生当今尖锐的伦
最新回复
(
0
)