首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The Olympic Games Origins The ancient Greeks first had the idea of, getting men together every four years to hold and wi
The Olympic Games Origins The ancient Greeks first had the idea of, getting men together every four years to hold and wi
admin
2010-04-12
60
问题
The Olympic Games
Origins
The ancient Greeks first had the idea of, getting men together every four years to hold and witness sporting events. All wars and fighting had to stop while the athletes and their supporters came together in the town of Olympia for a few days to compote in a few events, mostly related to wars: throwing the javelin (标枪), running, wrestling (摔跤), boxing and so on.
The first written reference to the Games is 776 B.C. They lasted until 389 A.D. The idea of having the modem Games was suggested in the mid-19th century but they weren’t a world event until’ 1896. Besides being postponed because of wars, they have been held since then every four years in different cities around the world.
Symbols
The Olympic Games have many important symbols that most people recognize. The five rings that appear on the Olympic flag represent the five continents. The flag is raised in the host city and then flown to the next one where it is kept until the next Games. The Olympic torch, a major part of the ancient Games, was brought back in 1928 and is carried with great fanfare (号角) and publicity to the host city where it lights the burning flame of the Games. It is kept burning until the close of the Games.
The torch, fanfare and flag are clearly evident in the Opening Ceremony, when everyone formally welcomes the participants and the Games can begin. Here we find the dramatic and colorful March of Nations, in which all the athletes from each country go into the stadium to the sound of their country’s national song and march behind their flags, thus becoming representatives of their countries.
Medals
In the ancient Games, only the winner was celebrated. Each winner was given a simple crown of olive leaves to wear on his head. This was the only reward for his victory. Those who came in second or third got nothing. Interestingly, when the Games started again in 1896, silver medals were given to the first place winners. Later in 1904 in the St. Louis Games, gold was the top prize. Now, of course we have gold for first place, silver for second and bronze for third.
Motto
The Olympics’ official motto is "Citius, Altius, Fortius". This is Latin for "Swifter, Higher, Stronger". This is said to represent the Olympic spirit, supposed to be present throughout the Games and generally held to be a celebration of brotherhood, competition, sportsmanship, goodwill and peace. The Games help us see how similar we are, and help us celebrate our humanity.
People
As in ancient times, those who participate in the Games are famous for the rest of their lives. Today, it’s estimated that some 100,000 people have competed in the Games. These athletes, all supposed to be amateurs (people who play and get no money for their play), have to qualify or win regional and national events. They often play on their countries’ national teams. When they start playing, they become competitors or opponents on the playing field.
Officials and scorekeepers monitor their play, and judges score their performances. Spectators watch the events, and fans cheer the athletes on.
Helping the athletes in their chosen sports are their trainers and coaches. Helping the athletes in their business affairs are their agents and managers. Sometimes athletes have sponsors and after the Games are over the athletes become spokesmen for companies.
The Olympic Games also require people to take on the jobs of announcers, commentators and broadcasters. These people comment on, report and describe the events that are happening and tell us about the standings of the countries and the athletes who play the Games.
Unfortunate events in world history (the 1972 Munich Olympics) mean that security is a major concern for the Games. Thus the Olympics also employs those who are responsible for the safe-being of the athletes and spectators, including police (city, provincial and federal) and even national troops or soldiers. They are against ’common’ criminals (thieves, pickpockets...) and terrorists.
Events
The ancient Games had only a few events. Foot racing was in every game and each race had a variety of lengths—the longest being the marathon named after the Greek city and famous battle. The pentathlon (五项全能), supposedly developed by Jason of Golden Fleece fame, had five events: running, jumping, wrestling, discus (铁饼) throwing and javelin throwing, which were all scored together. Three pentathlon events were important and popular enough to have their own events. Wrestling, discus throwing and the javelin were all recorded in the Homeric poems and were seen as vital for all men to be skilled in. The javelin throw was separated into two categories: length and accuracy (aimed at a specific target). Boxing was one of the oldest events and was written about by Homer. Today, of course, there are many more events.
Competition
Athletes compete or play against each other in hopes of winning. That might mean crossing the finish line first or putting on a perfect performance. Throughout the Games, the players are supposed to play with a spirit of sportsmanship, which can be defined as the character and conduct worthy of a sportsman. This means that they are to play with honor, seeking only to do their very best in their sport, and not specifically to defeat the other players.
When the playing begins, the events have preliminaries, or official trials or contests, in which athletes have to meet specified minimum requirements. This is for the setting of standards and for athletes to gain the fight to compete in the final contest.
Sometimes it seems that the spirit and the joy of the Games have been lost to commercialism and the overpowering desire to focus only on victory. Unfortunately, some athletes and coaches have taken to cheating or taking drugs, in an attempt to gain an unfair advantage. The drugs that can encourage muscle strength and energy are one of the banned substances that give athletes an extra, and illegal, advantage.
In spite of the problems of cheating and taking drugs, and nationalism which can cause division, the Games carry on and remain popular. This is possibly because the Games show us what we as humans are capable of and that humanity is capable of engaging in friendly competition. We should keep in mind what the father of the modem Games, Baron Pierre de Courbertin, once said: Olympism is not a system, it is a state of mind."
In Homer’s time, wrestling, discus throwing, the javelin and boxing had been taken in Olympic Games.
选项
A、Y
B、N
C、NG
答案
A
解析
在event一部分提到“Wrestling, discus throwing and the javelin were all recorded in the Homeric poems and were seen as vital for all men to be skilled in.”摔跤、掷铁饼和标枪在荷马的诗中有所记载,而且被看做是所有男人都该熟练掌握的。此外,又提到“Boxing was one of the oldest events and was written about by Homer.”拳击是最古老的赛事之一,并被荷马记载。由此,我们可以推断出在荷马所处的时代,摔跤、掷铁饼、标枪和拳击都已被纳入奥运赛事。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/rcj7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
Themodernageisanageofelectricity.Peopleareso【S1】______toelectriclights,radio,televisions,andtelephonesthatit
Themodernageisanageofelectricity.Peopleareso【S1】______toelectriclights,radio,televisions,andtelephonesthatit
A、Childrenshouldbeheldresponsiblefortheirownactions.B、Childrenshouldbegivenasmuchfreedomaspossible.C、Children
Manypeoplewronglybelievethatwhenpeoplereacholdage,theirfamiliesplacetheminnursinghomes.Theyareleftinthe【C1
Manypeoplewronglybelievethatwhenpeoplereacholdage,theirfamiliesplacetheminnursinghomes.Theyareleftinthe【C1
A、Thattheyskipclass.B、Thattheygetsomerest.C、Thattheystudytogether.D、Thattheygotothecafeteria.C信息明示题,女士说自己需要找个
A、Tobefoundguilty.B、Hisfriendcouldpersuadetheothermembersofthejurytoconsiderlessseverely.C、Toescapefromthe
Withmoreandmoreyoungpeoplegettingintotroublewiththelaw,socialworkersareverybusy.Theyaretryingtokeep【B1】____
Withmoreandmoreyoungpeoplegettingintotroublewiththelaw,socialworkersareverybusy.Theyaretryingtokeep【B1】____
OneofourmainargumentisthatweinWesterncountriesactually【M1】______haveaparttoplayincausingthepro
随机试题
继发性腹膜炎不应包括下列哪一项?()
()应当对私募基金管理人和私募基金信息严格保密,除法律法规另有规定外,不得对外披露。
物业管理区域的划分应当考虑物业的共用设施设备、建筑物规模、社区建设等因素,具体办法由()制订。
阅读学生习作,完成问题。夜色多美好①楼道里的感应灯开关坏了,一到晚上漆黑一片。我房间的窗户正对着楼道,一开灯,余晖为楼道口过往的人提供了微弱的光。②晚上我做完作业,一看时间才八点半
在海洋争议问题上,过去我们一直提倡“搁置争议,共同开发”,但是从________上讲,如果不强调主权在我,“搁置争议”在某种程度上容易被________为主权存在争议;“共同开发”,本意是双方商量好再来开发,可是某种程度上,你开发你的,我开发我的,容易被_
信息系统外包是指借助外部力量进行信息系统开发、建设的信息系统建设方式。即企业在规定的服务水平基础上,将全部或部分支持生产经营的信息系统作业,以合同方式委托给专业性公司,由其在一定时期内稳定地管理并提供企业需要的信息技术服务的行为。根据上述定义,下
蘑菇长在阴暗的角落,得不到阳光,也没有肥料,自生自灭,只有长到足够高的时候才会开始被人关注,可此时它自己已经能够接受阳光了。人们将这种现象称为“蘑菇效应”。根据上述定义,下列属于蘑菇效应的是()。
计算定积分
已知某企业的总收入函数为R=26χ-2χ2-4χ3.总成本函数为C=8χ+χ2.其中χ表示产品的产量,求利润函数.边际收入函数,边际成本函数,以及企业获得最大利润时的产量和最大利润.
HamburgersandFrenchfriescanbegotat______thefastfoodrestaurants.Whatdopeopledowhentheycometoafastfoodres
最新回复
(
0
)