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  3. Over the years, I have written extensively about animal intelligence experiments and the controversy surrounding them. Do animal

Over the years, I have written extensively about animal intelligence experiments and the controversy surrounding them. Do animal

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问题     Over the years, I have written extensively about animal intelligence experiments and the controversy surrounding them. Do animals really have thoughts, what we call consciousness? Wondering whether there might be better ways to explore animal intelligence than experiments designed to teach human signs, I realized what now seems obvious: if animals can think, they will probably do their best thinking when it serves their own purposes, not when scientists ask them to.
    So I started talking to vets and zoo keepers. Most do not study animal intelligence, but they encounter it, and the lack of it, every day. The stories they tell us reveal what I’m convinced is a new window on animal intelligence: the mental feats animals perform when dealing with captivity and the dominant species on the planet—humans.
    Anyway, it is comforting to realize that other species besides our own can stand back and assess the world around them, even if their horizons are more limited.
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答案 多年来，关于动物智力实验以及围绕这些实验所产生的争议，我写过大量文章。动物真的有思想，也就是我们所说的意识吗?相对于那些旨在教授人类手语的实验来说，是否会有更好的方式来探索研究动物的智力呢?在思索这一问题时，我意识到了如今看来显而易见的一点：如果动物能够思考，它们很可能会在有助于自己目的时尽力思考，而不是在科学家让它们如此去做时。 于是我开始与兽医及动物园饲养员交谈。他们中的大多数人并不研究动物智力，但是他们每天都会碰到动物表现出智力或智力缺乏的情形。他们对我讲述的这些故事打开了我所认为的有关动物智力研究的一扇新窗，即动物们在应对樊笼生活以及在地球上的主宰物种——人类之时。所表现出的智力上的特质。 无论如何，意识到除了我们人类，还有其他物种，即使它们的视野更有局限，却也能退后一步，清醒地审视周围的世界。这是令人感到慰藉的。
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