首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definitions of literacy, about seven out of ten adults in t
By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definitions of literacy, about seven out of ten adults in t
admin
2014-01-17
72
问题
By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definitions of literacy, about seven out of ten adults in the world were considered literate. The increase in literacy from ancient times to the present has not been a story of unbroken progress. The ability of people within a given society to read and write has been influenced by a number of factors, including economic well-being, the availability of material to read, the amount of education available, and the basic matter of the usefulness of reading.
Of these factors, usefulness has probably been the most decisive. In ancient societies, as people settled into stable patterns of agriculture and trade, it became useful for some of them to read and write in order to keep records, to transact business, and to measure amounts of land, animals, goods, materials, and produce. Since all economic aspects of a society were closely tied to the operations of government, literary became useful and even necessary for the keeping of records by officials. The responsibilities of citizenship led to a fairly high level of literacy in ancient Greece and Rome, but in addition to that, there also grew an appreciation of good literature, poetry, drama, history, and philosophy.
During the early Middle Ages, with the general breakdown of society in Europe and the decrease of commerce, literary became largely confined to the church. But in the late Middle Ages, in the period of the Renaissance, the great expansion of commerce and banking led to a revival in literacy for the same reason that had caused it to increase in the ancient world usefulness.
With the invention of the printing press and inexpensive paper late in the 15 th century there was for the first time a great availability of reading material for a much greater number of people. Religious reformers were among the first to utilize the situation, quickly getting translations of the Bible and educational tracts and booklets into the hands of many people.
The broadened religious enlightenment that resulted was followed in later centuries by a political one. Political theorists who favored doctrines promoting the natural rights of man called for an attack upon illiteracy. Political revolutions, particularly in the United States and France, helped inaugurate an era in which all classes were called upon to become informed on public policy for their own welfare. Against this political background there emerged the movement for universal popular education. Literacy came to be understood as a means whereby the individual could benefit and advance, and gradually whole societies began to acknowledge that universal literacy among their citizens was an avenue to greater economic well-being.
What can we learn from the first paragraph?
选项
A、It is fairly easy to determine literacy.
B、There is no illiteracy in a rich family.
C、History sees an even progress towards literacy.
D、In history literacy suffers ups and downs.
答案
D
解析
第一段指出,从古至今,文化水平的提高并非一帆风顺(a story of unbroken progress),某个社会的人的阅读和写作水平受许多因素制约,如:经济状况、阅读材料的多少、受教育机会(the amount of education available)和阅读能力的实用性,故答案为[D]。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/rpFK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
OurjourneybeginsattheSeattleCenter,builtin1962aspartoftheCentury21Exposition.SeattleCenterhousesnumeroustou
There’ssomethingabouttheInternetthatcanbringoutmeannessinteenagers.Thatisonefindingofastudytobereleased
Nearly60millionvisitorsflocktothe384nationalparksacrossAmericaeveryyear.Andyouwon’thavetowanderfarfromhome
Thegovernmenthaslauncheditsconsultationonbettermeasuresofchildpoverty,hutitreallyhastobeasked,betterforwhom
Thegovernmenthaslauncheditsconsultationonbettermeasuresofchildpoverty,hutitreallyhastobeasked,betterforwhom
Scienceisadominantthemeinourculture.Sinceittouchesalmosteveryfacetofourlife,educatedpeopleneedatleastsome
WhowastoblameforstartingtheColdWar?FornearlyagenerationafterWorldWarII,Americanhistoriansgenerallyagreedtha
Tobesuccessfulinajobinterview,youhavetodothefollowingEXCEPT
Fool______helooks,healwaysseemstomakethewisestproposals.
Englishhasbeensuccessfullypromoted,andhasbeeneagerlyadoptedinthegloballinguisticmarketplace.Onesymptomoftheim
随机试题
足太阳膀胱经的主治特点是
口服等量碳酸氢钠,增加其乙酰化代谢物溶解度的药物是碱性环境可增加其抗菌活性的药物是
根据《野生药材资源保护管理条例》,国家三级野生药材物种是指
招标人在机电产品国际招标文件中标注“*”号的重要商务和技术条款(参数)应根据项目实际要求合理设置,若标注“*”号条款(参数)设置过少或要求过低,则有可能()。
对于一些牵涉面较广的大型工业建设项目,设计者根据搜集的设计资料,对工程主要内容(包括功能和形式)有一个大概的布局设想,然后考虑工程与周围环境之间的关系。这一阶段的工作属于( )。
乙是某期货公司的客户,持有多头合约。合约到期后,乙向期货公司申请交割。但乙在交割仓库提货时发现所提交割品已霉烂变质,无法使用。对于货物的质量问题,乙应当向()主张权利。
一般资料:求助者,男性,26岁,硕士研究生。求助者主述:近一年来焦虑,紧张,注意力不集中,情绪低落,伴失眠。咨询师的观察与了解:求助者母亲介绍:求助者从小家庭环境优越,家庭教育严格,是独生子。由奶奶带大,奶奶对其身体健康状态非常重视。性格内
下图是“一带一路”示意图,读图完成问题。“丝绸之路经济带”横跨欧亚大陆,自东向西经过的世界文化圈依次是()。
Itisuncertain______theMiddleEastwillbecomereallypeacefulwithsomanybloodingconflicts.
AskanAmericanschoolchildwhatheorsheislearninginschoolthesedaysandyoumightevengetareply,providedyouaskit
最新回复
(
0
)