首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
What determines the kind of person each of us develops into over a lifetime? How much are we influenced by our home environment,
What determines the kind of person each of us develops into over a lifetime? How much are we influenced by our home environment,
admin
2019-07-05
42
问题
What determines the kind of person each of us develops into over a lifetime? How much are we influenced by our home environment, and how much are we influenced by our genes? (86)
One way that psychologists have tried to answer these questions is by studying twins : identical twins ( coming from one fertilized egg, so sharing the same genes) and fraternal twins ( coming from different eggs, so sharing 50% of their genes).
By comparing these two groups, researchers hope to be able to estimate the influence of genes versus the influence of environment on the development of many human traits, such as personality, talents, interests, and attitudes.
Psychologists from the University of Minnesota have conducted several different studies with over 8,000 pairs of twins and their families. (87)
To determine what accounts for differences between twins, they have compared identical twins who were raised together with identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in different families.
Their assumption is that any similarity in twins who are raised together can be attributed to both genes and environment, whereas similarities in twins raised apart are clue only to genes, since they had different environments while growing up. Their studies indicate that genes have about a 50% influence on our personalities, while our environment accounts for the other 50%.
(88)
Researchers in this study have also tried to test the theory that we each develop a set of criteria for choosing a mate based on our genes and our unique experiences growing up.
To do this, researchers compared the spouses of male identical twins who were raised together. They found that the spouses of these identical twins were not much more similar to each other than random pairs of people. They also found that two-thirds of the twins were "indifferent" to their twin’s mate or "actively disliked" her. These results indicate that neither our genes nor our upbringing is a good predictor of the spouse we choose. Instead, researchers believe this choice appears to be random, and based more on whom we are near when we are ready to fall in love.
Another question this study has sought to answer is whether twins become more or less similar as they mature. They found that as identical twins age, they become less similar in their physical appearance, but more similar in their abilities, such as mathematical skills. On the other hand, as fraternal twins age they become less similar in these abilities.
Some psychologists are skeptical of twin studies. (89)
These critics question some of the assumptions made by twin researchers, such as the assumption that identical twins and fraternal twins have similar environments, or that identical twins raised apart are raised in very different environments.
Some believe that, even in the same environment, there can be disparities in the way this environment affects siblings. As a result, it is difficult to determine clearly how much of our personality is genetically inherited and how much is determined by our environment.
选项
答案
心理学家们为了解答这些问题尝试过一种方法,即分别研究同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎。同卵双胞胎因为来自于同一个受精卵,所以具有相同的基因;异卵双胞胎因为来自于不同的受精卵,所以具有一半相同的基因。
解析
(此句采用了分译法将对identical twins和fraternal twins的解释单独成句。psychologist心理学家。identical twins同卵双胞胎。fertilized egg受精卵。fraternal twins异卵双胞胎。)
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/rsfK777K
本试题收录于:
A类竞赛(研究生)题库大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)分类
0
A类竞赛(研究生)
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)
相关试题推荐
ChoosinguniversitymajorshasbecomethetopconcernamongnewhighschoolgraduatesastheyawaittheresultsoftheNational
Beinganexperiencedinventor,Jacksonknew______allhismoneyinariskyventure.
Mostworksofartarekeptindoors,inagallery,privatehome,officebuilding,ormuseum.Onecategoryofartwork,fashionedt
Mostworksofartarekeptindoors,inagallery,privatehome,officebuilding,ormuseum.Onecategoryofartwork,fashionedt
Mostworksofartarekeptindoors,inagallery,privatehome,officebuilding,ormuseum.Onecategoryofartwork,fashionedt
Mostworksofartarekeptindoors,inagallery,privatehome,officebuilding,ormuseum.Onecategoryofartwork,fashionedt
Mostworksofartarekeptindoors,inagallery,privatehome,officebuilding,ormuseum.Onecategoryofartwork,fashionedt
JanetJacksontoldtheaudienceattheBlackEntertainmentTelevisionAwardsthattheentireJacksonfamilyhadwantedtoattend
Habitsareafunnything.Wereachforthemmindlessly,settingourbrainsonauto-pilotandrelaxingintotheunconsciouscomfor
随机试题
对人身的直接强制执行,主要是()处罚的执行。
诊断小儿结核病主要询问哪"三史"
公路隧道为Ⅱ级围岩,采用复合式衬砌,其二次衬砌设计按()。
素质教育就是多开展课外活动、多上文体课。
比较第一次和第二次工业革命,可以看出在第二次T业革命中,德国的页献突出,其主要原因是()。
我国村民委员会组织法规定,村民委员会的性质是()。
“世界上最远的距离,是我在你面前,而你在低头看手机。”这句网友的笑谈,无疑将现实生活中一个庞大而容易被忽视的群体一一“手机奴”,形容得__________。当科技日趋进步、手机功能日渐强大时,我们似乎在不知不觉中遭受裹挟,又在眨眼间心甘情愿地追逐更强大的“
甲和乙意图置常某于死地,甲持匕首向常某刺去,常某急忙躲闪,匕首刺中了乙,乙流血过多死亡。甲的行为应认定为()。
YouneedtoinstallWindows2000Professionalonanewcomputerinyournetwork.Youusethesetupmanagerwizardtoconfigurea
HowtoUsetheInternettoLearnaLanguage?Internethasmadecommunicationandlearningalanguagemuchmoreaccessible.Toma
最新回复
(
0
)