首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Graying Population Stays in the Pink A)Elderly people are growing healthier, happier and more independent, say American scientis
Graying Population Stays in the Pink A)Elderly people are growing healthier, happier and more independent, say American scientis
admin
2015-01-31
30
问题
Graying Population Stays in the Pink
A)Elderly people are growing healthier, happier and more independent, say American scientists. The results of a 14-year study to be announced later this month reveal that the diseases associated with old age are afflicting fewer and fewer people and when they do strike, it is much later in life.
B)In the last 14 years, the National Long-term Health Care Survey has gathered data on the health and lifestyles of more than 20,000 men and women over 65. Researchers, now analysing the results of data gathered in 1994, say arthritis, high blood pressure and circulation problems—the major medical complaints in this age group are troubling a smaller proportion every year. And the data confirms that the rate at which these diseases are declining continues to accelerate. Other diseases of old age— dementia, stroke, arteriosclerosis and emphysema—are also troubling fewer and fewer people.
C)"It really raises the question of what should he considered normal ageing", says Kenneth Manton, a demographer from Duke University in North Carolina. He says the problems doctors accepted as normal in a 65-year-old in 1982 are often not appearing until people are 70 or 75.
D)Clearly, certain diseases are beating a retreat in the face of medical advances. But there may be other contributing factors. Improvements in childhood nutrition in the first quarter of the twentieth century, for example, gave today’s elderly people a better start in life than their predecessors.
E)On the downside, the data also reveals failures in public health that have caused surges in some illnesses. An increase in some cancers and bronchitis may reflect changing smoking habits and poorer air quality, say the researchers. "These may be subtle influences", says Manton, "but our subjects have been exposed to worse and worse pollution for over 60 years. It’ s not surprising we see some effect".
F)One interesting correlation Manton uncovered is that better-educated people are likely to live longer. For example, 65-year-old women with fewer than eight years of schooling are expected, on average, to live to 82. Those who continued their education live an extra seven years. Although some of this can be attributed to a higher income, Manton believes it is mainly because educated people seek more medical attention.
G)The survey also assessed how independent people over 65 were, and again found a striking trend. Almost 80% of those in the 1994 survey could complete everyday activities ranging from eating and dressing unaided to complex tasks such as cooking and managing their finances.
H)That represents a significant drop in the number of disabled old people in the population. If the trends apparent in the United States 14 years ago had continued, researchers calculate there would be an additional one million disabled elderly people in today’ s population. According to Manton, slowing the trend has saved the United States government’s Medicare system more than $200 billion, suggesting that the greying of America’ s population may prove less of a financial burden than expected.
I)The increasing self-reliance of many elderly people is probably linked to a massive increase in the use of simple home medical aids. For instance, the use of raised toilet seats has more than doubled since the start of the study, and the use of bath seats has grown by more than 50%.
J)These developments also bring some health benefits, according to a report from the MacArthur Foundation’ s research group on successful ageing. The group found that those elderly people who were able to retain a sense of independence were more likely to stay healthy in old age.
K)Maintaining a level of daily physical activity may help mental functioning, says Carl Cotman, a neuroscientist at the University of California at Irvine. He found that rats that exercise on a treadmill have raised levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor coursing through their brains. Cotman believes this hormone, which keeps neurons functioning, may prevent the brains of active humans from deteriorating.
L)As part of the same study, Teresa Seeman, a social epidemiologist at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, found a connection between self-esteem and stress in people over 70. In laboratory simulations of challenging activities such as driving, those who felt in control of their lives pumped out lower levels of stress hormones such as cortical. Chronically high levels of these hormones have been linked to heart disease.
M)But independence can have drawbacks. Seeman found that elderly people who felt emotionally isolated maintained higher levels of stress hormones even when asleep. The research suggests that older people fare best when they feel independent but know they can get help when they need it.
N)"Like much research into ageing, these results support common sense", says Seeman. They also show that we may be underestimating the impact of these simple factors. "The sort of thing that your grandmother always told you turns out to be right on target", she says.
Feelings of control over life can reduce stress in difficult situations.
选项
答案
L
解析
根据关键词“control over life”定位于L段第二句。“…those who felt incontrol of their lives pumped out lower levels of stress hormones…”意思是,感觉对生活有掌控力的人所释放的压力应激素较低。题干意为,感觉对生活有掌控力的人在艰难处境下压力会降低。题干为原文的改写,所以选择L。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/sDh7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
A、Thereare30%ofAmericanwomenwhodevelopcancer.B、Non-smokingwomengetlungcancermoreeasilythannonsmokingmen.C、Tob
A、Somebigcompanies.B、Youngpeople.C、Movieeditors.D、ChadHurleyandSteveChen.B细节题。文中提到,YouTube上有许多不同种类的视频,但是大多数视频都是由youn
A、Over87,000workerswilllosetheirjobsinautocompanies.B、Manypeoplewillhavetosaybye-byetotheirhighsalaries.C、T
A、Itwasmorerespected.B、Itwasusedbymorepeople.C、Itwasvandalizedbytourists.D、ItquicklydeterioratedagainafterLi
A、Englishisthesoleofficiallanguage.B、FewpeoplespeakZuluthere.C、IthasthelargestIndianpopulationoutsideofAmeric
ImprovingthebalancebetweentheworkingpartofthedayandtherestofitisagoalofagrowingnumberofworkersinrichWe
ImprovingthebalancebetweentheworkingpartofthedayandtherestofitisagoalofagrowingnumberofworkersinrichWe
随机试题
ELNinoWhilesomeforecastingmethodshadlimitedsuccesspredictingthe1997ELNino(厄尔尼诺现象,指赤道东太平洋南美沿岸海水温度剧烈上升的现象。)afew
男性,35岁。发热、双颈部淋巴结进行性肿大1个月。查体:双侧颈部可触及数个1.5cm×1.5cm左右大的无触痛淋巴结,肝、脾肋下未触及。血象正常。胸部、腹部CT未发现深部淋巴结肿大。15.哪项检查对诊断帮助最人
胫神经正中神经
男性40岁,1周前干咳左胸痛,近2日来,畏寒发热38.8℃,气急乏力。体检:心率94次/分,律齐,左胸廓饱满,呼吸运动减弱,左下叩之浊音至实音,语颤减低,呼吸音明显减低。根据病史体征首先考虑的诊断是
隔热的主要手段不包括()。
消费者求偿权的范围包括()。
从作用的对象看,教育功能可分为()。
价格与商品的花色、品质之间()。
《撒马拉斯颂歌》1958年被正式确定为现代奥林匹克运动会永久会歌,并改名《奥林匹克颂歌》。下列关于该会歌的表述错误的是()。
Itiswidelybelievedthatournever-endingquestformaterialgoodsispartofthebasiccharacterofhumanbeings.Accordingt
最新回复
(
0
)