首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Passage Two (1) Many thoughtful parents want to shield their children from feelings of guilt or shame in much the same way
Passage Two (1) Many thoughtful parents want to shield their children from feelings of guilt or shame in much the same way
admin
2022-10-07
45
问题
Passage Two
(1) Many thoughtful parents want to shield their children from feelings of guilt or shame in much the same way that they want to spare them from fear. Guilt and shame as methods of discipline are to be eschewed along with raised hands and leather straps. Fear, guilt and shame as methods of moral instruction are seen as failures in decent parenting. Parents want their children to be happy and how can you feel happy when you are feeling guilty, fearful or ashamed? If we were really convinced that using fear, guilt or shame as methods of discipline worked, though, we might be more ready to use them as techniques. But we aren’t convinced that this is the case. We won’t have more socially responsible people if fear, guilt and shame are part of their disciplinary diet as children. Instead, we will simply have unhappy people. Responsible behavior has nothing to do with the traditional methods of raising moral children.
(2) This doesn’t mean that guilt isn’t an important feeling. It is. Guilt helps keep people on the right moral track. But guilt is a derivative emotion, one that follows from having violated an internalized moral standard. This is far different than making someone feel guilty in order to create the standard in the first instance.
(3) My wife once edited a magazine about hunger. A view held by many associated with the sponsoring organization claimed: You can’t get people to give money to starving children by making them feel guilty. So the magazine didn’t show pictures of starving children, children with doleful eyes. Instead, there were photos of women in the fields, portraits of peasant farmers and pictures of political organizers. But the publishers weren’t completely right about believing that guilt-inducing pictures don’t lead to moral action. In fact, it was the graphic pictures of starving children in Somalia that called the world’s attention to the dire situation there. The power of television is that it does bring images of others’ tragedies directly into our home. No rational analysis can do the same. When we are moved to pity, we should also be moved to action.
(4) If we don’t do anything, then we feel guilty. We become part of the problem we see and feel guilty for letting bad things happen to people. How can I,good person that I am, let this continue? What have pricked the conscience here are guilty feelings.
(5) Guilty feelings arise when we have violated a moral norm that we accept as valid. A person who feels guilty, notes philosopher Herbert Morris, is one who has internalized norms and, as such, is committed to avoiding wrong. The mere fact that the wrong is believed to have occurred, regardless of who bears responsibility for it, naturally causes distress. When we are attached to a person, injury to that person causes us pain regardless of who or what has occasioned the injury. We needn’t believe that we had control over hurting (or not helping) another person in order to feel guilty.
(6) Psychologists Nico Frijda and Batja Mesquita of the University of Amsterdam find that people feel guilty about having harmed someone even when it was accidental. Nearly half the people they interviewed felt guilty for having caused unintended harm, such as hurting one’s mother when leaving home to marry.
(7) Unintentional harm may lead to as strong guilty feelings as intentional harm. In other words, being careless is as much a source of guilt as intentional harm. We say, If only I had been more careful, If only I had paid more attention, If only I were a better driver. The fact that a court may not even bring charges against you in the first place may help to assuage some of the pain but it doesn’t remove all the feelings of guilt.
(8) The feeling is useful in so far as it makes us more cautious, makes us better drivers or moves us to socially responsible action. The sociopath never experiences such feelings and therefore poses a danger to society; the neurotic experiences so much of it that he can’t function normally in society.
(9) Feeling guilty for harm you have caused when you aren’t responsible is possible because there is a more generalized readiness to accept responsibility for your actions. Guilt arises when we think we have had choices and then have made the wrong moral choice. Guilt and responsibility appear to go together. If we do harm and feel no guilty, then we don’t believe we are responsible for what we’ve done. This means that we see ourselves as victims—of circumstances, of coercion, of ignorance and so forth.
(10) Remember that people who think of themselves as victims do so because they believe they have no control over events in their lives. They don’t feel responsible and therefore don’t feel guilty either. Several tactics can be used in disavowing responsibility: following the crowd, it is someone else’s problem, it was done under coercion.
(11) None of us is perfect and that we live in an imperfect world. This means that we can’t avoid hurting others. If we accept this, then we have to accept guilty feelings as a consequence of being moral people.
Which of the following statements about guilt might the writer agree with?
选项
A、Guilt is used as a method to discipline children.
B、To set up a moral standard, you should feel guilty.
C、Guilt is a feeling that comes with breaking some moral standards.
D、The feeling of guilt often goes together with shame and fear.
答案
C
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/sHBK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
WritingExperimentalReportsI.Contentofanexperimentalreport,e.g.—studysubject/area—studypurpose【T1】______【T1】______
StressManagementI.Thegoalofstressmanagement—takingchargeofthoughts,emotions,【T1】______andenvironmentetc.【T1】___
CulturalDifferencesbetweenEastandWestI.FactorsleadingtotheculturaldifferencesA.Differentculture【T1】______【T1】_
A、Familyloveisgraduallydisappearing.B、Itishardtocommentonfamilyrelationship.C、Morechildrenareindifferenttothei
WritingaResearchPaperI.ResearchPaperandOrdinaryEssayA.Similarityin【T1】______:【T1】______e.g.—choosingatopic—
(1)Punditswhowanttosoundjudiciousarefondofwarningagainstgeneralizing.Eachcountryisdifferent,theysay,andnoone
(1)Aswehurtletowardsmenewmillennium,whatisthebettersymboloftherelentlesspassageoftimethanmeancientsundial?
A、Toexpressstrongeremotions.B、Toallowforflexibilityinexpression.C、Toavoidreaders’misunderstanding.D、Tosignalthe
随机试题
“个人主义”
A.心包叩击音B.二尖瓣开瓣音C.Austin—Fhnt杂音D.喀喇音E.Graham—Steel杂音风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄伴肺动脉高压者可听到
X线照射生物体到发生生物学阶段的变化时间为
临床上常将肾上腺素用作强心剂,其作用途径是
B细胞增殖分化的部位主要在
Starlet公司的成本会计员J0hnSlaeng正在为公司的工具部门和组装部门制定部门制造费用分配率。两个部门的制造费用和某批产品的数据见下:若采用部门制造费用分配率分配制造费用,则在这两个部门对231号批次产品分配的制造费用总计为多少?
在整个教育法律体系中,《中华人民共和国教师法》处于母法和“根本大法”的地位,具有最高的法律权威。()
看到下面这幅漫画你想到了什么?
16,19,24,(),31,36,40
Whydoesthemanadoptthenameofagreatdetective?
最新回复
(
0
)