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  3. It is a miracle that New York works at all. The whole thing is unbelievable. Every time the residents brush their teeth, million

It is a miracle that New York works at all. The whole thing is unbelievable. Every time the residents brush their teeth, million

admin2010-07-24  44
问题     It is a miracle that New York works at all. The whole thing is unbelievable. Every time the residents brush their teeth, millions of gallons of water must be consumed. When a young man in Manhattan writes a letter to his girl in Brooklyn, the love message gets blown to her through a pneumatic (充气的) tube. The underground system of telephone cables, power lines, steam pipes, gas pipes is reason enough to abandon the island to the gods and the beetles. Every time a cut is made on the street, the noisy surgeons expose ganglia (神经中枢)that are twisted beyond belief.
    By rights New York should have destroyed itself long ago, from terror or fire or failure of some vital supply lines in its circulatory system or from some deep complex short circuit. Long ago the city should have experienced an insoluble traffic confusion at some impassable bottle-neck. It should have died of hunger when food lines failed for a few days. It should have been wiped out by widespread diseases starting in its dirty blocks or carried in by ships’ rats. It should have been swallowed by the sea that licks at it on every side. The workers in its innumerable cells should have gone mad, from the fearful darkness of smoke-fog that drifted over every few days from the Jersey, darkening all light at noon and leaving the high offices suspended, men groping (摸索) and depressed, and the sense of world’s end. It should have been touched in the head by the August heat and become crazy.
What does the "noisy surgeons" refer to?
选项
答案The workmen
解析 比喻是写作中惯用的修饰手法。在这里作者把挖路面的工人比作外科医生，这是一种典型的暗喻手法。理解比喻的含义要依据上下文，以上下文作为语境。脱离了这个背景，任何比喻都不起作用。借助作者在前句说到“马路上每次挖开口子……”再加上形容词noisy，理解surgeon的言外之意应该不会困难。
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