首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Universities Branch Out A)As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as
Universities Branch Out A)As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as
admin
2015-01-31
24
问题
Universities Branch Out
A)As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.
B)In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more selfconsciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative(合作的)research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.
C)Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America’s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.
D)Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships(实习)abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity—and providing the financial resources to make it possible.
E)Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculties, post-doctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu’ s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, post-doctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team.
F)As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure(基础设施)and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.
G)For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflations since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.
H)American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.
I)Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and—like immigrants throughout history— strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.
Most politicians recognize investment in science can improve national economic strength, but their funding for research has been unsteady for years.
选项
答案
G
解析
题干:多年来美国联邦对研究工作的资助一直不稳定。题干关键词nationaleconomic strength,their funding,research和unsteady。文中G段,第二句,很多政治家认为对科技的投资和国家的经济实力有联系.但是资助的科研基金却不稳定。与题干吻合,故选G。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/sfq7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
IoncerentedacaratanagencyinagarageinRome.Theparkingstructurewastightandpoorlylighted,andbeforeIevenexit
A、It’seasierandcheaperthaneverbefore.B、Itisalwaysveryprofitable.C、Itrequiresverylittleknowledgeinmanagement.D
FormanyAmericans,summerisatimetoputonswimwearandspendtimeattheseaoralake.Butbeforegoinganywhere,theyma
FormanyAmericans,summerisatimetoputonswimwearandspendtimeattheseaoralake.Butbeforegoinganywhere,theyma
FormanyAmericans,summerisatimetoputonswimwearandspendtimeattheseaoralake.Butbeforegoinganywhere,theyma
A、Sheoughttobuyherowncopymachine.B、Sheneedstobuyapackageofpaper.C、Shehasalreadyusedenoughpaper.D、Sheshoul
A、Bykeepingsilent.B、Byspeakingloudly.C、Bywalkingquickly.D、Bystandingstill.B男士说要想吓跑熊,可以在还没太靠近之前就制造响声,接着女士说下次她去野营时,她会一
A、Heprefersthefootballstadium.B、Heagreeswiththewoman.C、Thedininghallisn’tlargeenough.D、Thelightisn’tbrighten
A、Theywereinefficient.B、Theyhadwoodenframes.C、Theywerespaciousandairy.D、Theydidn’tprovideenoughlight.C女士说在他(Alb
随机试题
某公司生产新型手机充电宝,经营良好,2018年销售额达1亿元,利润1000万元。同年,该公司支出如下:①购买原材料5000万元;②以融资租赁方式租出厂房的折旧费100万元;③补缴上年度所欠的企业所得税100万元;④向贫困地区捐赠扶贫资金100万元;⑤设备租
半年来乏力,皮肤有出血点,查:全血细胞减少,NAP积分增高,骨髓:增生低下,Ham试验(-)。与其发病无关的是
患者,女,56岁,多于夜晚发热,口燥咽干,但不多饮,面色萎黄或晦暗,舌质青紫有瘀斑,脉弦,治疗时应
患者,男性,56岁。近3个月来咳嗽,痰中带血,经抗感染、对症治疗后症状改善,但胸部X线示右肺门旁3cm×3cm左右肿块影,边缘模糊,右肺尖有钙化。吸烟,10年前曾患右上肺结核,已治愈,平素体健。为确诊最恰当的检查方法是
采用( )策略时,股价上升卖出股票,股价下跌买入股票。
根据以下资料。回答问题。2014年,全国累计出口图书、报纸、期刊、音像制品、电子出版物、数字出版物数量2147.45万册(份、盒、张),降低10.1%;金额10044.86万美元,降低4.0%。全国累计进口图书、报纸、期刊、音像制品、电子出版物、数字出版
Themoreparentstalktotheirchildren,thefasterthosechildren’svocabulariesgrowandthebettertheirintelligencedevelop
Lookatthestatementsbelowandtheinformationontheoppositepageaboutfeedbackonstaffperformance.Whichsection(A,
Manygreatscientists______theirsuccesstohardwork.
Thisproductisguaranteedfortwoyearsafterthedateofpurchaseagainstdefectsduetofaultyworkmanshipormaterials.The
最新回复
(
0
)