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  3. There are several possible relationships between language and society. One is what social structure may either influence or dete

There are several possible relationships between language and society. One is what social structure may either influence or dete

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问题     There are several possible relationships between language and society.
One is what social structure may either influence or determine linguistic struc-【M1】______
ture and/or behavior. A certain evidence may be adduced to support this【M2】______
view: the age-grading phenomenon whereby young children speak differently
from elder children and, in turn, children speak differently from mature【M3】______
adults: studies which show that the varieties of language that speakers use
reflect such matters like their regional, social, or ethnic origin: and other【M4】______
studies which show that particular ways of speaking, choices of words, and
even rules for conversing are in fact highly determined by certain social
requirements.
    A second possible relationship is directly opposing to the first: linguistic【M5】______
structure and/or behavior may either influence or determine social structure.
Many of these who argue that languages rather than speakers of these【M6】______
languages can be "sexist". A third possible relationship is that the influence is
bi-directional: language and society may influence each. A fourth possibility【M7】______
is to assume that there is no relationship at all between linguistic structure and
social structure and that every is independent of the other. A variant of this【M8】______
possibility would be to say that, although there might be some such relationship,
present attempts to characterize it is essentially premature, given what【M9】______
we know about both language and society. Actually, this variant view appears
to be the one that Chomsky himself holds: he prefers to develop an asocial
linguistics such as a preliminary to any other kind of linguistics.【M10】______
【M5】
选项
答案opposing—opposed
解析 非谓语动词错误。be opposed to…意思是“与……相对，相反”。由于有be动词，故后面动词应为过去分词opposed。
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