2. 外语
  3. Drought, tsunami, violent crime, financial meltdown—the world is full of risks. The poor are often most【C1】______ to their effec

Drought, tsunami, violent crime, financial meltdown—the world is full of risks. The poor are often most【C1】______ to their effec

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问题     Drought, tsunami, violent crime, financial meltdown—the world is full of risks. The poor are often most【C1】______ to their effects. Instead of【C2】______ responding to crises, aid workers and policymakers should anticipate and help to guard against such rare and【C3】______ disastrous events.
    After the world suffered major crises in 2008, the concept of risk management has gained【C4】______ in international development. The links between risk, livelihoods and poverty are all too clear. Mounting evidence shows that【C5】______ shocks—above all, health and weather shocks and economic crises—play a major role in pushing households below the poverty line and keeping them there.
    But forward-thinking interventions can help【C6】______ the costs of future shocks. Bangladesh offers a good example. In 1970, a large typhoon caused 300,000 deaths in Bangladesh. In 2007, a typhoon of the same【C7】______ and strength caused only 4,000 deaths. The reason for the change was that the country had built a number of shelters.
    It went from having only 12 shelters in 1970 to having 2,500 in 2007. It also had a system of warning the population and a system of【C8】______ these events.
    But risk management isn’t just about lessening the effects of crises; it can also help people get ahead. Farmers in Ghana and India who had access to rainfall insurance were more likely to【C9】______ in fertilizer, seeds, and other farming inputs, the report said, instead of sitting on their money to guard against potential future shocks.
    Several recent studies have predicted that extreme events will become more common. If we fail to anticipate and plan for those events, then we could【C10】______ giving up many of the development gains made over the past few decades.
A) forecasting B) prominence C) optimum D) vulnerable
E) guidelines F) motivate G) simply H) risk
I) adverse J) invest K) offset L) paralyzing
M) potentially N) primarily O) characteristics
【C5】
选项
答案I
解析 空格为名词shocks的定语，可为名词、形容词或分词。句中提到，各类冲击，尤其是健康、气候的冲击和经济危机，使穷人处于贫困线以下。可见这些冲击是“不利的，有害的”，故选adverse。
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