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  3. Some observers have attributed the dramatic growth in temporary employment that occurred in the United States during the 1980’s

Some observers have attributed the dramatic growth in temporary employment that occurred in the United States during the 1980’s

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问题     Some observers have attributed the dramatic growth in temporary employment that occurred in the United States during the 1980’s to increased participation in the workforce by certain groups, such as first-time or reentering workers, who supposedly prefer such arrangements. However, statistical analyses reveal that demographic changes in the workforce did not correlate with variations in the total number of temporary workers. Instead, these analyses suggest that factors affecting employers account for the rise in temporary employment. One factor is product demand: temporary employment is favored by employers who are adapting to fluctuating demand for products while at the same time seeking to re duce overall labor costs. Another factor is labor’s reduced bargaining strength, which allows employers more control over the terms of employment. Given the analyses, which reveal that growth in temporary employment now far exceeds the level explainable by recent workforce entry rates of groups said to prefer temporary jobs, firms should be discouraged from creating excessive numbers of temporary positions. Government policymakers should consider mandating benefit coverage for temporary employees, promoting pay equity between temporary and permanent workers, assisting labor unions in organizing temporary workers, and encouraging firms to assign temporary jobs primarily to employees who explicitly indicate that preference.
The primary purpose of the passage is to
选项 A、present the results of statistical analyses and propose further studies
B、explain a recent development and predict its eventual consequences
C、identify the reasons for a trend and recommend measures to address it
D、outline several theories about a phenomenon and advocate one of them
答案C
解析 主题题型。A．“propose further Studies”无。B．“predict its eventual consequences”无。C．正确，确定一趋势的原因并推荐衡量它的尺度。符合原文，本文就是确定临时工增多这一现象的原因，并给出衡量尺度。D．“outline several theories”无。
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大学英语四级

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