2. 外语
  3. Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or

Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or

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问题     Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories【C1】________ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior because they were not sufficiently【C2】________ for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through interaction with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in【C3】________ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, or as a rejection of middle-class values.
    Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families,【C4】________ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes for lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are【C5】________ to criticism.
    Changes in the social structure may indirectly【C6】________ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that lead to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment in general make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in【C7】________ lead more youths into criminal behavior.
    Families have also【C8】________ changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; consequently, children are likely to have less supervision at home than was common in the traditional family pattern. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be a(n)【C9】________ on juvenile crime rates.
    Other【C10】________ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased availability of drugs and alcohol, and the growing incidence of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, although a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.
    A. centering            B. penalized      C. sensitive        D. response
    E. influence            F. ignoring       G. turn             H. structure
    I. system               J. affect         K. identifiable     L. available
    M. experienced          N. relying        O. subject
【C2】
选项
答案B
解析 习惯搭配题。根据词性，此处应当填入动词被动语态，且该动词可与for构成常用搭配，在可选范围中，penalize sb．(for sth．)“(因犯规或违法)处罚某人”最吻合，根据上下文意思此处指青少年犯罪的原因所在，故指违法后处罚力度不够。
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