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  3. Every year, millions of animals undergo painful suffering or death as a result of scientific research into the effects of drugs

Every year, millions of animals undergo painful suffering or death as a result of scientific research into the effects of drugs

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问题     Every year, millions of animals undergo painful suffering or death as a
result of scientific research into the effects of drugs, food additives, cosmet
ics and other chemical products. With most people think animal testing is 【M1】______
necessary, others are upset by what they see as needless suffering. This es
say looks at some of the positive and negative aspects of animal testing.
Many medical treatments and procedures have been developed by expert- 【M2】______
ments on animals. Since animals share many features with humans, scien
tists use them to test the safety and effectiveness of new developed drugs 【M3】______
before pilot testing on small group of patients. Medical teams practice new 【M4】______
operating techniques such as transplants on animals. Without animal testing,
many procedures or new drugs would be extremely unsafe.
    However, many people are concerned about that animals are suffering 【M5】______
unnecessarily and cruelly. They do not believe that every new drug need to 【M6】______
be tested on animals, especially with the huge database of knowledge and
modern computer models. They are also worried that many animal tests
are ineffective, point out that any drugs have had to be withdrawn from the 【M7】______
market despite extensive testing. They particularly feel that animal testing
should not be used for non-essential products such as cosmetics, shampoos,
soaps, and clean products. Furthermore, some campaigners would like to 【M8】______
see certain tests replaced and more humane methods used.
    We need to make sure that the millions of animals that are used for tested 【M9】______
new products are treated with the minimum of suffering. Although some
animal testing may be unavoidable at present, treating our fellow creatures
as merciful as possible will demonstrate our humanity. 【M10】______
【M5】
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