首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Knowing that you are paid less than your peers has two effects on happiness. One is negative: a thinner pay packet hurts self-es
Knowing that you are paid less than your peers has two effects on happiness. One is negative: a thinner pay packet hurts self-es
admin
2015-07-13
13
问题
Knowing that you are paid less than your peers has two effects on happiness. One is negative: a thinner pay packet hurts self-esteem(自尊). The other is called the "tunnel" effect: the income gap is seen as improving your own chances of similar riches.
A paper co-authored by Felix FitzRoy of the University of St. Andrews separates the two effects using data from household surveys in Germany. Previous work showed that the income of others can have a small, or even positive, overall effect on employees’ satisfaction in individual firms in Denmark or in very dynamic economies, such as Eastern Europe. But Mr. FitzRoy’s team proposed that older workers, who largely know their lifetime incomes already, will enjoy a much smaller tunnel effect. The negative effect on reported levels of happiness of being paid less than your peers is not visible for people aged under 45. In western Germany, seeing peers’ incomes rising actually makes young people happier. It is only those people over 45, when careers have "reached a stable position", whose happiness is harmed by the success of others.
The prospect of more than 20 years of hard work might make retirement seem more attractive. Those with jobs are no happier after they retire, however, perhaps because their lives already agree with social expectations. Unemployment is known to damage happiness because not working falls short of social expectations. Pensions or increased leisure time cannot make up for the loss of social acceptance. Unemployed people are dissatisfied with their life not only because they have lower incomes, but also because they may get low and negative recognition from others.
Indeed, retiring early from work can have side-effects. Another paper, co-authored by Andreas Kuhn of the University of Zurich, investigates the effect of a change in Austrian employment-insurance rules that allow blue-collar workers earlier retirement in some regions than others. Men retiring a year early lower their chance of surviving to age 67 by 13% . Almost a third of this higher death rate seemed to be concentrated among those who were forced into early retirement by job loss. The death was caused by smoking and alcohol consumption. If you’re in a job, even when you are paid less, hang on in there.
One of the effects of lower pay than your peers’ is that______.
选项
A、it can motivate you to struggle for a similar salary
B、it can inspire you to argue with your manager
C、it may make you feel proud of your peers
D、it may force you to quit your current work
答案
A
解析
事实细节题。本题考查薪水比同事低带来的影响。原文第一段末句提到,收入差距会促使你争取拿到类似薪水的机会。也就是说,它会激励你奋发得到类似的薪水,故答案为A)。B)“它会激励你和经理争论”,原文未提及,故排除;C)“它会使你为同事感到骄傲”是对第二段第五句“在德国西部,看到同事收入增长实际上使年轻人觉得更幸福”的曲解,原文说的是在德国西部的情况,C)属于扩大范围,故排除;D)“它会迫使你辞掉当前的丁作”是对第一段第二句“较少的薪水会伤害到自尊心”的过度推断,故排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/tAl7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
A、Heshouldtryadifferentfieldofwork.B、Heshouldquithisjobassoonaspossible.C、Heshouldfindamorepromisingposit
A、Theyarealreadyextinctonlandorintheair.B、Theyareimportantspeciesforconservation.C、Theyaresymbolsofdifferent
A、Howtochoosepetdogs.B、Differentbreedsofdogs.C、Howtocarefordogsproperly.D、Howtotrainapuppy.A选项概括性强表明,本题可能考查短
A、TakeaclasstogetherwithMary.B、AskMarytohelphimchooseatopic.C、Changethetopicofhisresearchproject.D、Signup
A、Ataparty.B、Atschool.C、Inafriend’shouse.D、Ataclub.B选项表明,本题考查地点。对话中男士对女士说他们好像在哪儿见过,女士说Wemetoncam—puslastweek,即上
A、Thefamilywereindifferent.B、Theyoungchildrenwerenoisy.C、Shelikedlivinginastudenthouse.D、Therewerenootherstu
A、Ithasfourtermswithholidays.B、ItbeginsinAugustorSeptember.C、Itrunswiththreeholidays.D、Itrunsdifferentlyind
A、Parentshavenochoicebuttotrytoacceptit.B、Parentsareatfaultforthechangeintheirchildren.C、Parentsshouldpay
A、TheyareovertakenbySwedeinlongevity.B、Theystillhavethelongestlifespan.C、MostJapaneseyoungstersquitsmoking.D、
CigarettesAreEnlistedtoTestWaysofQuittingA)Whenatruckrecentlydelivered45000cartonsofcigarettestoaresearchco
随机试题
在教师职业道德情感中,教师职业道德行为的出发点是()
InIndustry4.0,allcommunicationandcontrolwill(make)________betweenmachines.
超声波法检测桩身完整性,各声测剖面每个测点的声速、波幅均大于临界值,波形正常,则该类桩属于()。
依据《国务院关于特大安全事故行政责任追究的规定》,中小学校对学生进行劳动技能教育以及组织学生参加社会公益活动等实践活动,必须确保学生安全,严禁组织学生从事接触易燃、易爆、有害等危险品的活动,否则,对校长给予()的处分。
以下对职业安全健康管理体系审核的实施描述正确的有()。
下列属于彩色玻璃特性的是()。
压力机滑块到达下极限位置时,滑块下表面到工作台的距离称为()。
2008年5月,由于麦收季节快要来临,某汽车制造厂决定动用1月购买的钢材30吨,用于联合收割机的生产。本期销售收割机100台,取得不含税收入120万元,本期可以抵扣进项税为24万元。对外销售收割机备件等取得不含税收入58万元。为此,以下()处理是
【2014.湖南郴州】校园文化的核心是学校的()文化。
已知A*是A的伴随矩阵,则=__________.
最新回复
(
0
)