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  3. For most of us, work is the central, dominating fact of life. We spend more than half our conscious hours at work, preparing for

For most of us, work is the central, dominating fact of life. We spend more than half our conscious hours at work, preparing for

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问题     For most of us, work is the central, dominating fact of life. We spend more than half our conscious hours at work, preparing for work, traveling to and from work. What we do there largely determines our standard of living and to a considerable extent the status we are accorded by our fellow citizens as well. It is sometimes said that because leisure has become more important the indignities and injustices of work can be pushed into a corner; that people can forget its boredom, frustrations and humiliations by concentrating their hopes on the other parts of their lives. I reject that as a counsel of despair. For the foreseeable future the material and psychological rewards which work can provide, and the conditions in which work is done, will continue to play a vital part in determining the satisfaction that life can offer. Yet only a small minority can control the pace at which they work or the conditions in which their work is done; only for a small minority does work offer scope for creativity, imagination, or initiative.
    Inequality at work and in work is still one of the crudest and most glaring forms of inequality in our society. We cannot hope to solve the more obvious problems of industrial life, many of which arise directly or indirectly from the frustrations created by inequality at work, unless we tackle it head-on. Still less can we hope to create a decent and humane society.
    The most glaring inequality is that between managers and the rest. For most managers, work is an opportunity and a challenge. Their jobs engage their interest and allow them to develop their abilities. They are constantly learning; they are able to exercise responsibility; they have a considerable degree of control over their own—and others’—working lives. Most important of all, they have the opportunity to initiate. By contrast, for most manual workers, and for a growing number of white-collar workers, work is a boring, monotonous, even painful experience. They spend all their working lives in conditions which would be regarded as intolerable—for themselves—by those who take the decisions which let such conditions continue. The majority have little control over their work; it provides them with no opportunity for personal development. Often production is so designed that workers justifiably feel themselves to be mere cogs (嵌齿) in the bureaucratic machine. As a direct consequence of their work experience, many workers feel alienated from their work and their firm, whether it is in public or in private ownership.
A decent and humane society can be created when ________.
选项 A、we tackle the problems of industrial life
B、we solve the problem of inequality at work
C、we overcome the frustrations brought by work
D、we overcome the obstacles caused by social inequality
答案D
解析 根据题干关键词句a decent…society定位到第2段。第2段首句提到工作中的不公是最明显的社会不公，第2句表明解决工作上的不公就能解决职业生涯中的许多问题，末句的Still less calf…(更不能指望……)则暗示解决了第2句提到的所有问题才能解决社会不公，最终才能带来“一个体面、人道的社会”，由此可见，选项D为本题答案。选项B和C都是解决选项A的问题的前提，而这三个选项中指出的问题都只是社会不公的一些表现，并非全部，所以，解决它们都只能有助于解决选项D的问题，而不能直接带来一个体面、人道的社会。
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