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  3. Understanding this transition requires a look at the two-sided connection between energy and human well-being. Energy contribute

Understanding this transition requires a look at the two-sided connection between energy and human well-being. Energy contribute

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问题    Understanding this transition requires a look at the two-sided connection between energy and human well-being. Energy contributes positively to well-being by providing such consumer services as heating and lighting as well as serving as a necessary input to economic production. But the costs of energy—including not only the money and other resources devoted to obtaining and exploiting it, but also environmental and sociopolitical impacts—detract from well-being.
   For most of human history, the dominant concerns about energy have centered on the benefit side of the energy-well-being equation.
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答案 要理解这种转变，需要考察一下能源和人类幸福之间的双重关系。从积极的方面来看，能源促进了人类幸福，不仅为经济生产提供了必要的投入，还为人类提供了消费服务，如供热和照明等。但另一方面，消耗能源的代价——不但包括投入开采和应用能源的资金和其他资源，而且包括能源对环境和社会政治所造成的影响——是降低了人类幸福的程度。 在人类历史的长河中，人们大部分时间主要考虑的是能源消耗给人类带来幸福的方面。
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