首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two
One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two
admin
2014-02-27
29
问题
One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two "behavior segments" in some novel way, never actually performed before, so as to reach a goal. Two followers of Clark Hull, Howard and Tracey Kendler,【C1】______a test for children that was explicitly based on Clark Hull’s principles. The children were given the【C2】______of learning to operate a machine so as to get a toy. In order to succeed they had to go through a two-stage【C3】______. The children were trained on each stage【C4】______. The stages consisted merely of pressing the correct one of two buttons to get a marble; and of【C5】______the marble into a small hole to release the toy.
The Kendlers found that the children could learn the separate bits readily enough.【C6】______the task of getting a marble by pressing the button they could get the marble; given the task of getting a toy when a marble was handed to them, they could use the marble.(All they had to do was put it in a hole.) 【C7】______they did not for the most part "integrate", to use the Kendlers’ terminology. They did not press the button to get the marble and then【C8】______without further help to use the marble to get the toy. So the Kendlers concluded that they were incapable of deductive【C9】______.
The mystery at first appears to deepen when we learn, from【C10】______psychologist, Michael Cole, and his colleagues, that adults in an African culture apparently cannot do the Kendlers’ task either. But it lessens,【C11】______. when we learn that a task was devised which was【C12】______to the Kendlers’ one but much easier for the African males to handle.
【C13】______the button-pressing machine, Cole used a locked box and two【C14】______colored match-boxes, one of which contained a key that would open the box. Notice that there are still two【C15】______segments —"open the right matchbox to get the key" and "use the key to open the box" — so the task seems formally to be【C16】______. But psychologically it is quite different. Now the subject is dealing not with a strange machine but with familiar meaningful objects; and it is clear to him what he is meant to do. It then【C17】______that the difficulty of integration is greatly reduced.
Recent work by Simon Hewson is of great interest here for it shows that, for young children,【C18】______. the difficulty lies not in the【C19】______processes which the task demands, but in certain perplexing features of the apparatus and the procedure. When these are changed in ways which do not at all affect the inferential nature of the problem, then five-year-old children solve the problem【C20】______college students did in the Kendlers’ own experiments.
【C12】
选项
A、like
B、similar
C、diverse
D、familiar
答案
B
解析
本题测试搭配。like意为“相像的,相似的”:similar意为“类似的,相似的”,通常与to搭配;diverse意为“不同的,变化多的”;familiar意为“熟悉的,常见的”,通常与with搭配。句子的主语是task,根据后面的to the Kendlers’one可知,应该选B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/tHO4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
AnunendingflowofprivateandpubliccriticismsuggeststhatthepeopleoftheUnitedStatessuffer【C1】______government,natio
ItisincongruousthatthenumberofBritishinstitutionsofferingMBAcoursesshouldhavegrownby254percentduringaperiod
TeachforAmerica(TFA)wasfoundedbyWendyKoppin1990.Itisanon-profitorganisationthatrecruitstop-notchgraduatesfro
In1998consumerscouldpurchasevirtuallyanythingovertheInternet.Books,compactdiscs,andevenstockswereavailablefrom
Thereisvirtuallynolimittohowonecanservecommunityinterests,fromspendingafewhoursaweekwithsomecharitableorga
Ineverycultivatedlanguagetherearetwogreatclassesofwordswhich,takentogether,comprisesthewholevocabulary.First,
Formaleconomicforecastingisusuallybasedona(1)_____theoryastohowtheeconomyworks.Sometheoriesarecomplicated,an
Formaleconomicforecastingisusuallybasedona(1)_____theoryastohowtheeconomyworks.Sometheoriesarecomplicated,an
随机试题
Youhavetoknow________you’regoingbeforeyousetout.
阅读小说片段,回答问题:正说着,只听丫鬟们说:“宝姑娘来了。”……只见宝钗手里托着一丸药走进来,向袭人说道:“晚上把这药用酒研开,替他敷上,把那淤血的热毒散开,可以就好了。”说毕,递与袭人,又问道:“这会子可好些?”宝玉一面道谢说:“好了。”又让
间歇正压通气(IPPV)
对青霉素过敏的患者,最好不选用:
A.消除传染源B.切断传播途径C.保护易感人群D.开展消毒杀虫E.预防接种在肠道传染病流行疫区,加强饮用水消毒,强化食品卫生管理与粪便无害化处理,开展灭蝇并消除蚊蝇孳生地的活动,采取这些防控措施的目的是
下列属于营养必需脂肪酸的是()
如图2所示,如果茎a侧生长素在B点以下的浓度范围内,下列对b侧生长素浓度范围的描述哪项较为准确?()
理论与实际相结合原则是根据教学过程中()的规律提出的。
甲国公民在乙国将丙国公民杀死后逃人丁国,现甲、乙、丙三国均向丁国要求将该甲国公民引渡。下列表述中正确的是()。
任何人不论权力大小、职位高低,只要有违法犯罪行为,就要依法追究和承担法律责任。这体现的是法律的
最新回复
(
0
)