2. 外语
  3. Honesty is a virtue, and telling a lie is morally wrong. But how can you【C1】______ if someone’s lying? The answer is, they’re pr

Honesty is a virtue, and telling a lie is morally wrong. But how can you【C1】______ if someone’s lying? The answer is, they’re pr

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问题     Honesty is a virtue, and telling a lie is morally wrong. But how can you【C1】______ if someone’s lying? The answer is, they’re probably not. Traditional economics says that people are【C2】______ beings who will lie if it’s【C3】______their advantage. A recent university study has shown that, actually, we’re pretty honest— especially when we’re at home.
    Researchers in Germany phoned people at home and asked them to【C4】______a coin. There was a strong financial【C5】______to fake the result: if the coin landed tails-up, the participant would receive money or a gift【C6】______, while if the coin landed heads-up, they would get nothing. Because they were on the phone, they knew there was no【C7】______of getting caught if they lied. And yet people revealed the truth【C8】______they would receive nothing. Over hundreds of tosses a coin will land tails-up【C9】______50% of the time. In this study over half the people(55. 6%)asked said that the coin landed heads-up. Most of diem didn’t pursue the reward at the【C10】______of honesty.
    Previous studies had found mat people were more【C11】______. In those laboratory studies 75% of people,【C12】______some who faked the results, reported a winning coin and claimed a reward. So me research team【C13】______ it’s being in our own home which makes us play fair.【C14】______, what motivates people to do so remains【C15】______.
    In fact, both types of study show people are surprisingly【C16】______. Even in me laboratory, 25% of people【C17】______a reward by telling the truth. The researchers say this is because honesty is highly valued and people deem honesty is me【C18】______for doing everything well. We care about our reputation and our sense of ourselves as【C19】______people. So lying has a psychological cost and it seems mis cost【C20】______ the financial benefits of lying.
【C5】
选项 A、intention
B、incentive
C、instinct
D、insistence
答案B
解析 名词辨析题。句意为：巨大的金钱诱因会促使人伪造测试结果：如果硬币落下时是反面朝上，参与者将获得金钱或礼券；如果正面朝上，他们将一无所获。由于本句中出现了“伪造测试结果”的信息点，并且空格处填入的名词被financial“金钱的；金融的”修饰，故[B]incentive“诱因；激励”为答案。intention“意图，目的”；instinct“本能，直觉”；insistence“坚持；强调”，均不符合句意，故排除。
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