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According to one of those often-quoted statistics that should be true but probably isn’t, the average number of people who read

admin2019-08-08  21
问题    According to one of those often-quoted statistics that should be true but probably isn’t, the average number of people who read a PhD thesis all the way through is 1.6. And that includes the author. More interesting might be the average number of PhD theses that the typical scientist has read from start to finish. Would it reach even that benchmark? 【F1】What we know for sure is that the reading material keeps on coming, with tens of thousands of new theses typed up each year.
   Completing a thesis represents a coming of age not just scientifically, but also educationally and personally. 【F2】It signals the passing of an intellectual milestone—from a student under the care of a supervisor to an individual who asks questions of their own. It marks the end of formal education, and graduation to a new phase in life. For many people, it also sees their departure from science altogether. 【F3】Often, the PhD years coincide with significant personal events, as we mature emotionally and meet friends, partners and colleagues who will stay with us for life. All this can also turn thesis-writing into a more significant event than merely the writing up of a (usually) minor piece of science.
   Still, it’s perhaps too easy to get sentimental over the thesis. For a start, the process has to keep up with the times. The PhD is already assessed in many different ways around the world and scientists should welcome ways to keep it relevant. 【F4】The goal of PhD assessment everywhere remains, rightly, to demonstrate that a student has conducted, and can communicate, independent, original research. But the way in which that’s achieved can and should be improved.
   For one thing, it doesn’t have to involve a vast printed volume. A lot of students could do themselves, their supervisors, their examiners and their wider audience a favor by keeping it crisp and short Postgraduate supervisors should stress this at the beginning. And it’s important to make the work in the thesis available to future researchers by publishing or sharing the data in some form. To contribute to the world beyond the author’s immediate circle, a PhD thesis should be read and used, and not just serve as a shelf ornament or doorstop.
   For those inspired to go back to their own thesis, and those who are examining a freshly written one, it’s best to be kind. 【F5】As long as the fundamentals are there—the question is interesting and the approach and analysis rigorous—it’s fair to forgive the typos and the research paths that turned out to be dead ends.
【F1】
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答案我们唯一能确定的是，不断有新的学术文章出现，每年都有成千上万新的毕业论文出炉。
解析 ①what we know是名词性从句作主句主语，for sure作状语表示“确定地”。②表语从句中，reading material指各种“学术文章、学术材料”，keep on coming表示“不断地出现”。③“with+名词+过去分词”是一个独立主格结构，其中tens of thousands of new theses是type的受动对象，故用过去分词形式typed；这个状语对表语从句中the reading material keeps on coming起补充说明或者举例的作用。
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