首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
1 The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These migh
1 The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These migh
admin
2013-05-11
33
问题
1 The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however, hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became general in the three centuries following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and 14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that, the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country.
2 British surnames fall mainly into four broad categories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it is true, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adapted or abbreviated; or artificial names.
3 In fact, over fifty per cent of genuine British surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belong to the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belong to this last group, and not to the first, had the family once had its home in the ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means "the son of Simon", as might be expected.
4 Hundreds of occupational surnames are at once familiar to us, or at least recognisable after a little thought: Archer, Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of others are more obscure in their meanings and testify to the amazing specialisation in medieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are "Day", (Old English for breadmaker) and "Walker"(a fuller whose job was to clean and thicken newly made cloth).
5 All these vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names often lack. Some, it is true, like "Long", "Short" or "Little", are simple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking, their meanings are slightly different from the modern ones. "Black" and "White" implied dark and fair respectively. "Sharp" meant genuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.
6 Place-names have lasting interest since there is hardly a town or village in all England that has not at some time given its name to a family. They may be picturesque, even poetical; or they may be pedestrian, even trivial. Among the commoner names which survive with relatively little change from old-English times are "Milton" (middle enclosure) and "Hilton"(enclosure on a hill).
Surnames are said to be __________ in Anglo-Saxon England.
选项
A、common
B、vocational
C、unusual
D、descriptive
答案
C
解析
此题为细节理解题。据第1段第2、3、4句可确定C,排除A、B、D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/tWQK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Amarketiscommonlythoughtofasaplacewherecommoditiesareboughtandsold.Thusfruitandvegetablesaresoldwholesalea
Allthehardtasks______becauseoftheirjointeffort,theydecidetogoonholidayforamonth.
Thefutureofthiscompanyis______:manyofitstalentedemployeesareflowingintomoreprofitablenet-basedbusinesses.
IwishI______withmybrotherwhenhefliestoEnglandnextweek.
TheRussiancargoshipwassinking.Whatwasthedirectcause?
JohnhasworkedinallofthefollowingplacesEXCEPT______.
Whatdidspacesatellitescapturerecently?
Childrengoingtoschoolmusthaveachanceto_____excessphysicalenergy;childrenevenmorethanadultsrequireandenjoyphys
ThereareseveralpossibleexplanationsforthegreaterjobstabilityinJapan______thegreatjobmobilityintheUnitedStates.
Ifyou______changeyourmind,pleaseletusknow.
随机试题
取供试品约0.1g,加稀盐酸5ml,在水浴上加热40分钟,取0.5ml,加亚硝酸钠试液5滴和碱性β-萘酚试液2ml,摇匀,即显红色取供试品约50mg,加稀盐酸1ml使溶解,加亚硝酸钠试液数滴和碱性β-萘酚试液数滴,生成橙色或猩红色沉淀
引起急性单纯性胃炎的外源性刺激因子,包括()
在职业健康安全管理体系中,应急准备和响应的目的之一是()。
从1989年开始,我国把对某些单位定向发行的国库券叫做特种国债。()
根据外商投资企业法律制度的规定,下列选项中,属于禁止类外商投资项目的是()。
离堆山,又称“曲流环绕岛”,指被废弃的河曲所环绕的孤立堆山,它曾是深切河曲未裁弯前的凸岸陆地。下图中甲、乙、丙、丁四处大体体现了离堆山形成的不同阶段。下列排序符合离堆山发育过程的是()。
乡村旅游是以各种类型的乡村为背景,以乡村田园风光、乡村生活和乡村文化为旅游吸引物,以农业和农村特色资源为基础开发旅游产品,以农民为经营主体、以城市居民为目标的一种休闲旅游形式。根据上述定义,下列属于乡村旅游的一项是()。
根据上图,下列说法正确的是:2000年参与城市最低生活保障人数的年增长率比1999年提高了几个百分点?
2008年1至3月份,福建沿海地区与台湾地区海上客运直航船舶的公司共运营2425航次,共运送旅客188648人次,分别为2007年同期的108%、97%:其中,大陆5家船舶公司经营的7艘客船共运营1190航次,运送旅客96017人次。台湾6家船舶公司经营的
Tomfound______veryhardtogethighmarks.
最新回复
(
0
)