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  3. Take Steps to Protects Children Preventing childhood injuries would seem a tough task. But there’s a long list of proven way

Take Steps to Protects Children Preventing childhood injuries would seem a tough task. But there’s a long list of proven way

admin2014-06-13  69
问题                         Take Steps to Protects Children
    Preventing childhood injuries would seem a tough task. But there’s a long list of proven ways to make the world safer for children. The World Health Organization wants its 193 member nations—and especially those in the developing world, where most deaths from injury occur—to know that accidents don’t have to happen.
    Many prevention strategies used by rich societies are only now being adopted in the developing world. They include strict drunken-driving laws; requirements that wells be covered and swimming pools fenced off; installing window guards in upper-story apartments; having standards for child-resistant lighters; requiring child-resistant packaging of drugs, stove fuel and poisons; and establishing poison-control centers and burn units.
    Traffic injuries are perhaps the most dramatic example of how much could be gained if strategies that have been shown to prevent injury were put in place more broadly. Traffic injuries are the leading cause of death worldwide for 15-to- 19-year-olds and the second-leading cause for children 5 to 14. But the use of seat belts, child seats and helmets, and the institution of "graduated licensing" of new drivers are essentially unknown in many countries.
    For society, the payoff of prevention efforts is huge. For every $ 1 invested in bike helmets and child seats, for example, $29 is saved in health care, disability and lost income costs. But for individuals, prevention is often economically burdensome. According to the WHO report, a factory laborer in a low-income country must work 11 times as long as his counterpart in a high-income country to buy a bicycle helmet. For a child soar, it’s 16 times as long.
    At the same time, some countries have risks not widely shared by others. Death rates from bums are 11 times as high in developing countries as in industrialized ones. European and American boys and girls have virtually equal rates of death from fire. In South Asia and Southeast Asia, however, girls’ mortality is three times that of boys because girls assist in family cooking at an early age; and the heat source is often an open flame on the ground; and female clothes are long and flowing.
    Prevention in those societies may need to include changes as simple—and as difficult—as getting the stove up to waist height.
What is the main idea of Para. 5?
选项 A、Death rates from burns are higher in some developing countries.
B、European countries have the same death rates with America.
C、Many Asian girls died from the injuries from burns.
D、Reasons why so many Asian girls die from the injuries from bums.
答案A
解析 主旨大意题。根据题干定位到第五段。第五段的中心句是第一句，意为：有些儿童受伤风险在一部分国家比较严重。下文主要讲述火灾造成的儿童死亡率在亚洲一些国家比较高。可以推断出[A]“一些发展中国家中，因火灾造成的儿童死亡率比较高”是正确答案。[B]“欧洲国家与美国的死亡率相等”，这只是本段中用来对比、证明中心句的一个例子，不能概括整段的内容，故排除；[C]“许多亚洲女孩死于火灾造成的伤害”，这也只是一个事实论据，故排除；[D]“那么多亚洲女孩死于火灾造成的伤害的原因”，本段只在最后一句提到了这一点，用来说明为什么女孩子死亡率高于男孩子，也不能涵盖全段的内容，故排除。
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