首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Plagiarism Lines Blur for Students in Digital Age At Rhode Island College, a freshman copied and pasted from a Web site’s fr
Plagiarism Lines Blur for Students in Digital Age At Rhode Island College, a freshman copied and pasted from a Web site’s fr
admin
2011-04-04
53
问题
Plagiarism Lines Blur for Students in Digital Age
At Rhode Island College, a freshman copied and pasted from a Web site’s frequently asked questions page about homelessness—and did not think he needed to credit a source in his assignment because the page did not include author information.
At DePaul University, the tip-off (爆料) to one student’s copying was the purple shade of several paragraphs he had lifted from the Web; when confronted by a writing tutor his professor had sent him to, he was not defensive—he just wanted to know how to change purple text to black.
And at the University of Maryland, a student critisized for copying from Wikipedia in a paper on the Great Depression said he thought its entries—unsigned and collectively written—did not need to be credited since they counted, essentially, as common knowledge.
Professors used to deal with plagiarism(抄袭) by warning students to give credit to others to follow the style guide for citations, and pretty much left it at that.
But these cases—typical ones, according to writing tutors and officials responsible for discipline at the three schools who described the plagiarism—suggest that many students simply do not grasp that using words they did not write is a serious misdeed.
It is a disconnect that is growing in the Internet age as concepts of intellectual property, copyright and originality are under attack in the ungoverned exchange of online information, say educators who study plagiarism
Digital technology makes copying and pasting easy, of course. But that is the least of it. The Internet may also be redefining how students—who came of age with music file-sharing, Wikipedia and Web-linking— understand the concept of authorship and the singularity of any text or image.
"Now we have a whole generation of students who’ve grown up with information that just seems to be hanging out there in cyberspace and doesn’t seem to have an author," said Teresa Fishman, director of the Center for Academic Integrity at Clemson University. "It’s possible to believe this information is just out there for anyone to take. "
Professors who have studied plagiarism do not try to excuse it—many are champions of academic honesty on their campuses—but rather try to understand why it is so widespread.
In surveys from 2006 to 2010 by Donald L. McCabe, a co-founder of the Center for Academic Integrity and a business professor at Rutgers University, about 40 percent of 14,000 undergraduates admitted to copying a few sentences in written assignments.
Perhaps more significant, the number who believed that copying from the Web constitutes "serious cheating" is declining—to 29 percent on average in recent surveys from 34 percent earlier in the decade.
Sarah Brookover, a senior at the Rutgers campus in Camden. N.J., said many of her classmates blithely (无忧无虑地) cut and paste without attribution.
"This generation has always existed in a world where media and intellectual property don’t have the same gravity," said Ms. Brookover, who at 31 is older than most undergraduates. "When you’re sitting at your computer, it’s the same machine you’ve downloaded music with, possibly illegally, the same machine you streamed videos for free that showed on HBO last night. "
Ms. Brookover, who works at the campus library, has pondered the differences between researching in the stacks and online. "Because you’re not walking into a library, you’re not physically holding the article, which takes you closer to ’this doesn’t belong to me,’" she said. Online, "everything can belong to you really easily. "
A University of Notre Dame anthropologist, Susan D. Blum, disturbed by the high rates of reported plagiarism, set out to understand how students view authorship and the written word. or "texts" in Ms. Blum’s academic language.
She conducted her ethnographic research among 234 Notre Dame undergraduates. "Today’s students have a new concept of conceiving texts and the people who create them and who quote them," she wrote last year in the book "My Word!: Plagiarism and College Culture," published by Cornell University Press.
Ms. Blum argued that student writing exhibits some of the same qualities of pastiche(混成品) that drive other creative endeavors today—TV shows that constantly reference other shows or rap music that samples from earlier songs.
In an interview, she said the idea of an author whose singular effort creates an original work is rooted in Enlightenment ideas of the individual. It is based on the Western concept of intellectual property rights as secured by copyright law. But both traditions arc being challenged.
"Our notion of authorship and originality was born, it flourished, and it may be waning," Ms. Blum said.
She contends that undergraduates are less interested in cultivating a unique and authentic identity—as their 1960s counterparts were—than in trying on many different personas(角色), which the Web enables with social networking.
"If you are not so worried about presenting yourself as absolutely unique, then it’s O.K. if you say other people’s words, it’s O. K. if you say things you don’t believe, it’s O. K. if you write papers you couldn’t care less about because they accomplish the task, which is turning something in and getting a grade," Ms. Blum said, voicing student attitudes. "And it’s O. K. if you put words out there without getting any credit."
The notion that there might be a new model young person, who freely borrows from the vortex of information to mash up a new creative work, fueled a brief disturbance earlier this year with Helene Hegemann, a German teenager whose best-selling novel about Berlin club life turned out to include passages lifted from others.
Instead of offering a poor apology, Ms. Hegemann insisted, "There’s no such thing as originality anyway, just authenticity." A few critics rose to her defense, and the book remained a finalist for a fiction prize (but did not win).
That theory does not wash with Sarah Wilensky, a senior at Indiana University, who said that relaxing plagiarism standards "does not foster creativity, it fosters laziness."
"You’re not coming up with new ideas if you’re grabbing and mixing and matching," said Ms. Wilensky, who took aim at Ms. Hegemann in a column in her student newspaper headlined "Generation Plagiarism."
"It may be increasingly accepted, but there are still plenty of creative people—authors and artists and scholars—who are doing original work," Ms. Wilensky said in an interview. "It’s kind of an insult that that ideal is gone, and now we’re left only to make paste-ups of the work of previous generations."
In the view of Ms. Wilensky, whose writing skills earned her the role of informal editor of other students’ papers in her freshman dorm, plagiarism has nothing to do with trendy academic theories.
The main reason it occurs, she said, is because students leave high school unprepared for the intellectual rigors of college writing.
"If you’re taught how to closely read sources and synthesize them into your own original argument in middle and high school, you’re not going to be tempted to plagiarize in college, and you certainly won’t do so unknowingly," she said.
From her research, Susan D. Blum set out to understand that students are ______.
选项
A、having a new understanding of creating and quoting
B、not easy to get access to the authorship
C、on the way to accept new notion of authorship
D、trying to redefine the notion of authorship
答案
A
解析
根据题干关键词Susan D. Blum, students定位到第十六段第二句:"Today’s students a new concept of conceiving texts and the people who create them and who quote them," she wrote…可知,学生们对于网络上的文档、原作者、引用者有新的认识,故选A
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/tqo7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
A、Themanshoulddowithoutbuyinganewbicycle.B、She’llgladtohelpthemandecidewhichbicycletobuy.C、Themanshouldno
Millionsofyoungpeoplearecreatingblogs.Millionsofothersarereadingthem.Theword"blog"isashortwayofsayingWebl
AprilFools’Special:History’sHoaxesHappyAprilFools’Day.Tomarktheoccasion,NationalGeographicNewshascompiled
Whyaresomanypeopleunhappyintheirjobs?Therearetwoprimaryreasons.First,somepeopleareconvincedthatearningaliv
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivateenterprise.It’s【B1】______economyinwhichconsumersdeter
Virtuallyallconsumerswillhaveacreditcardintheirlives.Selectingacreditcardshouldnotbesomethingtakenlightly,c
A、Awebpageauthoringprogram.B、Akindofbeverage.C、Acomputergame.D、Akindofsoftware.B综合推断题。女士问男士是否有关于Java或JavaScript的
BorninNorthCarolinain1862,WilliamSidneyPorter,thismasterofshortstoriesismuchbetterknownunderhispenname"O.
A、Mondaymorning.B、Mondayafternoon.C、Wednesdaymorning.D、Fridayafternoon.B综合推断题。女士说,约翰逊医生在周一、周二上午和周四、周五下午都有预约,而且周三全天开会,由此可
A、Thepolice.B、Abee-keeper.C、Abeeper.D、Thepoormotorist.B信息明示题。由文中第三段划线部分可知,一个养蜂人将蜂后找出并带走了蜂群,解决了困扰这个司机的问题,所以B正确。
随机试题
我国实行对外开放,为什么必须坚持独立自主、自力更生的方针?
Assoonashispartycameinto______theychangedthelaw.
下列哪种细胞在急性炎症时不是以阿米巴运动的方式游出血管的?
男孩1岁4个月,咳喘40天,高热4天。患儿40前突然呛咳,呈阵发性,咳嗽时呼吸急促,此后3天体温升高到38℃,胸片示“右下肺炎”,先后静点青霉素、妥布霉素,11天后热退,仍咳,胸片右下肺部阴影无明显改变。但精神食欲尚可。4天来又开始高热,咳嗽加重。查体:胸
治疗青春期牙龈炎的关键是()
对复议机关的其他一些规定有()。
南京某进出口公司出口小五金工具一批。外核销单号:32C199255;出境货物通关单号:310050204415308000。该批货物的法定计量单位分别为:钢卷尺:个;攻丝工具:千克/个;锉刀:千克/个
辛亥革命的历史功绩是伟大的,其表现在()。①结束了2000多年封建君主专制制度②颁布了《中华民国临时宪法》③促进了中国民族资本主义的发展④使中国获得了独立和富强
下列属于有害需求的有()。
顺从型互动是指行动者之间发生性质相同或方向一致的行动过程,常有三种形式:有意无意向他人发出信号或暗示,并引起他人反应;不经过考量,直接按照他人的方式去行动;行动者在他人压力下接受他人行动方式,并且照做。根据上述定义,下列不属于顺从型互动的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)