首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Why Minority Students Don’t Graduate from College [A]Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, was justifiably proud of Bow
Why Minority Students Don’t Graduate from College [A]Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, was justifiably proud of Bow
admin
2018-04-07
20
问题
Why Minority Students Don’t Graduate from College
[A]Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, was justifiably proud of Bowdoin’s efforts to recruit minority students. Since 2003 the school has boosted the proportion of so-called under-represented minority students(blacks, Latinos(拉丁美洲人), and Native Americans, about 30 percent of the U.S population)in entering freshman classes from 8 percent to 13 percent. But Bowdoin has not done quite as well when it comes to actually graduating minorities. While nine out of 10 white students routinely get their diplomas within six years, only seven out of 10 black students made it to graduation day in several recent classes.
[B]The United States once had the highest graduation rate of any nation. Now it stands 10th. For the first time in American history, there is the risk that the rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one. The graduation rate among 25-to 34-year-olds is no better than the rate for the 55-to 64-year-olds who were going to college more than 30 years ago. Studies show that more and more poor and nonwhite students are eager to graduate from college—but their graduation rates fall far short of their dreams. The graduation rates for blacks, Latinos, and Native Americans lag far behind the graduation rates for whites and Asians. As the minority population grows in the United States, low college-graduation rates become a threat to national prosperity.
[C]The problem is noticeable at public universities. In 2007, the University of Wisconsin-Madison—one of the top five or so "public Ivies"—graduated 81 percent of its white students within six years, but only 56 percent of its blacks. At less-selective state schools, the numbers get worse. Community colleges have low graduation rates generally—but rock-bottom rates for minorities. A recent review of California community colleges found that while a third of the Asian students picked up their degrees, only 15 percent of African-Americans did so as well.
[D]Private colleges and universities generally do better, partly because they offer smaller classes and more personal attention. But when it comes to a significant graduation gap, Bowdoin has company. Nearby Colby College logged an 18-point difference between white and black graduates in 2007 and 25 points in 2006. "Higher education has been able to get around this issue for years, particularly the more selective schools, by saying the responsibility is on the individual student," says Pennington of the Gates Foundation. "If they fail, it’s their fault." Some critics blame affirmative action—students admitted with lower test scores and grades from shaky high schools often struggle at top schools. But a bigger problem may be that poor high schools often send their students to colleges for which they are "undermatched": they could get into better, richer schools, but instead go to community colleges and low-rated state schools that lack the resources to help them. Some schools out for profit cynically increase tuitions and count on student loans and federal aid to foot the bill—knowing full well that the students won’t make it. "Colleges know that a lot of kids they take will end up in remedial classes, for which they’ll get no college credit and then they’ll be dismissed," says Amy Wilkins of the Education Trust. "The school gets to keep the money, but the kid leaves with loads of debt and no degree and no ability to get a better job. Colleges are not holding up their end."
[E]A college education is getting ever more expensive. Since 1982 tuitions have been rising at roughly twice the rate of inflation. University administrators insist that most of those hikes are matched by increased scholarship grants or loans, but the recession has decreased private endowments(捐助)and cut into state spending on higher education. In 2008 the net cost of attending a four-year public university equaled 28 percent of median family income, while a four-year private university cost 76 percent of median family income. More and more scholarships are based on scores, not need. Poorer students are not always the best-informed consumers. Often they end up deeply in debt or simply unable to pay after a year or two and must drop out.
[F]There once was a time when universities took an unreasonable pride in their drop-out rates. Professors would begin the year by saying, "Look to the right and look to the left. One of you is not going to be here by the end of the year." But such a Darwinian spirit is beginning to give way as at least a few colleges face up to the graduation gap. At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the gap has been roughly halved over the last three years. The university has poured resources into peer counseling to help students from inner-city schools adjust to the faster pace of a university classroom, and also to help minority students overcome the stereotype that they are less qualified.
[G]State and federal governments could sharpen that focus everywhere by broadly publishing minority graduation rates. For years private colleges such as Princeton and MIT have had success bringing minorities onto campus in the summer before freshman year to give them a head start on college-level courses. The newer trend is to start recruiting poor and nonwhite students as early as the seventh grade, using new tools like hip-hop competitions to identify kids with sophisticated verbal(语言的)means. Such programs can be expensive, of course, but cheap compared with the millions already invested in scholarships and grants for kids who have little chance to graduate without special support.
[H]With effort and money, the graduation gap can be closed. Washington and Lee is a small, selective school in Virginia. Its student body is less than 5 percent black and less than 2 percent Latino. While the school usually graduated about 90 percent of its whites, the graduation rate of its blacks and Latinos had dipped to 63 percent by 2007. "We went through a dramatic shift," says Dawn Watkins, the vice president for student affairs. The school aggressively pushed mentoring(师徒制)of minorities by other students and "partnering" with parents at a special pre-enrollment session. The school had its first-ever black homecoming. Last spring the school graduated the same proportion of minorities as it did whites. If the United States wants to keep up in the global economic race, it will have to pay systematic attention to graduating minorities, not just enrolling them.
Since American’s rank in graduation rate dropped dramatically, the young may be less well educated than their fathers.
选项
答案
B
解析
根据题目中的American和graduation rate定位到B段。该段前两句讲的正是题目中所说的美国毕业率排名的下降,故其导致的结果在下一句中找,第3句中的rising generation指的是现在的年轻人,the previous one指的是年轻人的前辈,题目中的the young和their fathers分别为它们的同义替换,内容与原文相符,故本题出自B段。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/uda7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
A、Itcanhelpteachersinteractwiththestudents.B、Itjustshowsthewordstostudents.C、Itcanreducethedustintheclassr
A、Preventthestudentsdoinganymovement.B、Givestudentsmoretimetorest.C、Bringstudentsmoreactivities.D、Adoptthesame
A、Theeconomicsituationisglooming.B、Therearelessnewgraduateseveryyear.C、Theworkershavelessexperience.D、Theemplo
A、Students,factoryworkersandresearchers.B、Students,farmersandresearchers.C、Students,medicalworkersandresearchers.D
Workerswithskillsinscience,technology,engineering,andmathematics(STEM)areamongthemostindemandandhighestpaid.The
Workerswithskillsinscience,technology,engineering,andmathematics(STEM)areamongthemostindemandandhighestpaid.The
壮族(theZhuangethnicminority)是中国人口最多的少数民族,约有1900万人。超过90%的壮族人居住在广西,其余分布在云南、广东、贵州和湖南等南方省份。壮族人有自己的语言。壮语主要分为南北两大方言。由于南方地区气候温和,雨量(ra
Costly—sometimesabusive—creditcardsarebleedingmillionsofborrowerswhodidn’tknowwhattheyweregettinginto.Thebo
随机试题
A.卵圆孔B.破裂孔C.棘孔D.颈静脉孔E.茎乳孔面神经通过
公有制经济和非公有制经济都是社会主义初级阶段基本经济制度的组成部分,这意味着()。
幽门螺杆菌引起的胃炎,炎症弥漫性分布,但以胃体为重。
45岁女性患者,3小时前车祸头部受伤,伤后立即昏迷,做CT后入院,入院检查中度昏迷,右瞳散大,光反射消失,左上下肢肌张力增高,病理征(+),左顶枕有直径4.0cm头皮下血肿,CT示右额颞部高密度新月影。诊断是
下列所述的法律原则不屈于公理性原则的是哪一选项?()
某矿业工程施工进度计划网络图如下图所示:施工中发生了以下事件:事件1:A工作因设计变更停工10d;事件2:B工作因施工质量问题返工,延长工期7d;事件3:E工作因建设单位供料延期,推迟3d施工。在施工进展
关于箱涵顶进的说法,正确的是()
在四川的国家级自然保护区中,保护对象为高寒沼泽湿地生态系统和黑颈鹤的是()。
所谓心理奴隶,实际上是形容一些职场人被某种死板认知或理念束缚后困顿不安的生存方式。他们背负着各式各样的精神负担,然后将自己陷入条条框框中举步维艰又茫然无措。根据上述定义,下列不属于心理奴隶的是:
Whatisthespeaker’smaintopic?
最新回复
(
0
)