2. 外语
  3. Besides concerns about how ads affect individuals, critics have raised ethical issues about how advertising affects society. F

Besides concerns about how ads affect individuals, critics have raised ethical issues about how advertising affects society. F

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问题     Besides concerns about how ads affect individuals, critics
have raised ethical issues about how advertising affects society.
For example, J. K. Galbraith argued that advertising creates the
desires that the production of consumer goods then satisfy. Others【M1】______
accuse advertising for creating a materialistic society full of【M2】______
people think that happiness lies in owning things and who are【M3】______
obsessed with buying consumer goods. These critics think we are
creating a society in which private goods are plentiful and in【M4】______
which public goods, which are seldom advertised, are ignored—a
society rich in private cars but whose highways and streets are
disintegrating. Ads drive selfish consumption on the expense of【M5】______
friendship, community, art, and truth. Furthermore, advertising
allows the system to "buy off" political unsatisfied people with【M6】______
promises and consumer goods, leading to political apathy and the
undermining of democracy. However, there are many who think
these sorts of criticisms exaggerate the impact of ads on society.
    Major social changes are caused by advertising; ads follow【M7】______
social trends, and they don’t create them. This debate centers on two
perhaps resolvable issues. First, there is the empirical question of【M8】______
how much impact advertising has on society; this is difficult to
answer because the effect of ads cannot be separated from other
social forces, and because it is hard to determine whether ads
cause or follow social trends. Second, there is the ethical question of
whether the purported effects, such as materialism, are morally
objective. Perhaps it is more helpful to look at specific issues【M9】______
rather than the social impact of advertising in the general.【M10】______
【M5】
选项
答案on—at
解析 词汇错误。此处考查at the expense／cost of的固定搭配，意思为“以……为代价”。
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