首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
For much of its history, psychology has seemed obsessed with human failings and pathology. The very idea of psychotherapy, first
For much of its history, psychology has seemed obsessed with human failings and pathology. The very idea of psychotherapy, first
admin
2012-06-26
53
问题
For much of its history, psychology has seemed obsessed with human failings and pathology. The very idea of psychotherapy, first formalized by Freud, rests on a view of human beings as troubled creatures in need of repair. Freud himself was profoundly pessimistic about human nature, which he felt was governed by deep, dark drives that we could hardly control. The scientists who followed developed a model of human life that seemed to many mechanical if not robotic: humans were passive beings harshly shaped by the stimuli and the rewards and punishments that surrounded them.
After World War Ⅱ, psychologists tried to explain how so many ordinary citizens could have agreed with fascism, and did work symbolized in the 1950 classic The Authoritarian Personality by T.W. Adorno, et al. Social psychologists followed on. Some of the most famous experiments proved that normal folk could become coldly insensitive to suffering when obeying "legitimate" orders or cruelly aggressive when playing the role of prison guard.
A watershed moment arrived in 1998, when University of Pennsylvania psychologist Martin Seligman, in his presidential address to the American Psychological Association, urged psychology to "turn toward understanding and building the human strengths to complement our emphasis on healing damage." That speech launched today’s positive psychology movement.
Though not denying humanity’s flaws, the new positive psychologists recommend focusing on people’s strengths and virtues as a point of departure. Rather than analyze the psychopathology underlying alcoholism, for example, positive psychologists might study the toughness of those who have managed a successful recovery--for example, through organizations like Alcoholics Anonymous. Instead of viewing religion as a delusion and a support, as did Freud, they might identify the mechanisms through which a spiritual practice like meditation enhances mental and physical health. Their lab experiments might seek to define not the conditions that induce wicked behavior, but those that foster generosity, courage, creativity, and laughter.
Seligman’s idea quickly caught on. The Gallup Organization founded the Gallup Positive Psychology Institute to sponsor scholarly work in the field. In 1999, 60 scholars gathered for the first Gallup Positive Psychology Summit; two years later, the conference went international, and ever since has drawn about 400 attendees annually.
What may be an example of "wicked behavior"(Para. 4)?
选项
A、Making a toy.
B、Giving money to the poor.
C、Drinking without control.
D、Believing in a religion.
答案
C
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/uvTO777K
0
研究生英语学位课统考(GET)
相关试题推荐
Whenherealizedhehadbeen______tosignthecontractbyintrigue,hethreatenedtostartlegalproceedingstocanceltheagr
Thepolicemantriedto______theteenagedrivertoobeythetrafficlawsratherthanfinehimdirectly.(2002年厦门大学考博试题)
Englishisanimportantforeignlanguagetomasterbecauseitprovidesready______toworldscholarshipandworldtrade.(2015年北京航
Eachworkday,theworkersfollowedthesameschedulesandrarely______fromthisroutine.(2015年北京航空航天大学考博试题)
IthinkthatIcommitteda______inaskingherbecausesheseemedveryupsetbymyquestion.(2011年四川大学考博试题)
AllthemajorcitiesoftheUnitedStates,______thecitiesoftheGreatLakesandtheGulfofMexico,beganascentersofthet
Anumberofresearchershaveexaminedthevariables/strategiesthataffectstudents’learningEnglishasasecondlanguage.This
【T1】Becauseanalysisultimatelyrestswiththethinkingandchoicesoftheresearcher,qualitativestudiesingeneralarelimite
Her30-yearstudyoftheGombeNationalParkchimpanzeesisthelargestcontinuousfieldprojecteverrecorded.Ithasmadeher
Inasocietywhereallaspectsofourlivesaredictatedbyscientificadvancesintechnology,scienceistheessenceofourexi
随机试题
Peoplewholiveincities______tosufferfromstressmorethanpeopleinthecountryside.
女,28岁。平时月经规则,现停经60d,阴道流血10d。妇科检查:子宫如妊娠3个月大,软,无压痛,双侧附件区均触及5cm囊性包块,壁薄,活动好,无压痛。血HCG增高明显。最可能的诊断是
在不具备自动连续监测条件时,一级评价项目每天监测时段,1小时浓度监测值应至少获取当地时间()时浓度值。
建设工程合同是广义的( )的一种。
《合同法》规定,应当先履行债务的当事人,有确切证据证明对方有下列情形之一的,可以止履行()。
人口对教育的制约作用表现在()。
把下面的六个图形分为两类,使每一类图形都有各自的共同特征或规律,分类正确的一项是:
对文中加点词“界定”,理解正确的一项是:传统的社会发展观的核心是:
关于常成员函数,下列说法中错误的是
Solvingaproblemcanbebrokenintoseveralsteps.First,theproblemmustbeidentifiedcorrectly.Psychologistsrefer【C1】____
最新回复
(
0
)