首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Alison Preston of the University of Texas at Austin’s Center for Learning and Memory explains: A short-term memory’s conversion
Alison Preston of the University of Texas at Austin’s Center for Learning and Memory explains: A short-term memory’s conversion
admin
2015-10-20
63
问题
Alison Preston of the University of Texas at Austin’s Center for Learning and Memory explains: A short-term memory’s conversion to a long-term memory requires changes within the brain that protect the memory from interference from competing stimuli or disruption from injury or disease. This time-dependent process of stabilization, whereby our experiences achieve a permanent record in our memory, is referred to as "consolidation".
Memory consolidation can occur at many organizational levels in the brain. The cellular and molecular portions of memory consolidation typically take place within the first minutes or hours of learning and result in changes to neurons(nerve cells)or sets of neurons. Systems-level consolidation, involving the reorganization of brain networks that handle the processing of individual memories can then happen on a much slower time frame of days or even years.
The consolidation process that affects declarative memories-recollections of general facts and specific events—relies on the function of some specific structures in the brain. At the cellular level, memory is expressed as changes to the structure and function of neurons. For example, new
synapses
—the connections between neurons through which they exchange information—can form to allow for communication between new networks of neurons. Alternatively, existing synapses can be strengthened to allow for increased sensitivity in the communication between two neurons.
Consolidating such synaptic changes requires the synthesis of new RNA and proteins in the structures, which transform temporary alterations in synaptic transmission into persistent modifications of synaptic architecture. With time, the brain systems also change. Initially, the specific structure works in concert with sensory-processing regions distributed in the neo-cortex(the outermost layer of the brain)to form the new memories. Within the neo-cortex, representations of the elements that constitute an event in our life are distributed across multiple brain regions according to their content.
When a memory is first formed, the specific structure rapidly combines this distributed information into a single memory, thus acting as an index of representations in the sensory-processing regions. As time passes, cellular and molecular changes allow for the strengthening of direct connections among the neocortical regions, enabling access to the memory independent of the structure. Thus, while damage to the structure from injury or particular disorder hampers the ability to form new declarative memories, such a disruption may not impair memories for facts and events that have already been consolidated. Thus, an amnesiac with hippocampal damage would not be able to learn the names of current presidential candidates but would be able to recall the identity of our 16th president.
The consolidation process means
选项
A、a process with time limits.
B、a period of experiences within the brain.
C、a protection of long-term memory.
D、a conversion to a permanent record.
答案
D
解析
事实细节题。第一段末句提到is referred to as“consolidation”,可推断前面的内容即为consolidation的具体意义:使我们的缝历得以在记忆中永久记录下来,因此答案为D项。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/vCzZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
TheteachingofEnglishasasecondlanguage(ESL)inschoolshashadahistoryofconflictingarguments,interestinginnovation
Whenyoufindyourselfprocrastinating(拖延)onaparticularproject,orjustdelayingingeneral,itisalwaysagoodideatoask
Whenyoufindyourselfprocrastinating(拖延)onaparticularproject,orjustdelayingingeneral,itisalwaysagoodideatoask
IncomeinequalityintheUnitedStateremainedrelativelystableforaperiodofnearlyfortyyears.Beginninginthe1970’s,ho
Youaregoingtoreadanarticlewhichisfollowedbyalistofexamplesorheadings.Choosethemostsuitableonefromthelist
Theinventionofbothlabor-savingtoolsandtoolsofintelligenceisrarelyaccidental.Instead,itisusuallytheproductofh
Inaquietcourtroomtuckedawayinafederalbuildinghere,atitanicbattleiscompetingfreespeechagainstgovernmenteffort
AboutHollywoodMorethan41millionAmericanstunedinonMarch7thtowatch"TheHurtLocker"wintheawardforbestpictu
Manyteachersbelievethattheresponsibilitiesforlearningliewiththestudent.(1)_____alongreadingassignmentisgiven,
StephenM.Saland,chairmanoftheStateSenateEducationCommittee,isaconservativeupstateRepublican,andStevenSanders,c
随机试题
以农业产业为主导,工业基础薄弱的城镇化被称为()
A.心内膜纤维化B.心室内附壁血栓C.两者均有D.两者均无心肌梗死
对精母细胞性精原细胞瘤的描述错误的是
A.二度Ⅰ型房室传导阻滞B.二度Ⅱ型房室传导阻滞C.三度房室传导阻滞D.二度Ⅰ型窦房阻滞E.二度Ⅱ型窦房阻滞P波及QRS波均规则出现,但P波与QRS波之间无关,P波频率大于QRS波的频率
患者女,44岁。患心肌梗死住院治疗。首次静脉泵入硝酸甘油时,在30分钟内应特别注意的是()
骗取贷款、票据承兑、金融票证罪属于《刑法修正案(六)》新增加的罪名。()
下列消费品,属于消费税“小汽车”税目征税范围的是()。
TodayTVaudiencesallovertheworldareaccustomedtothesightofAmericanastronautsintip-topcondition,withfairhair,c
TheStemereschWaterTreatmentPlantItisthegoaloftheStemereschWaterTreatmentPlanttokeeptheStemereschRiver,thest
某投资者在5月份以30元/吨权利金卖出一张9月到期、执行价格为1200元/吨的小麦看涨期权,同时又以10元/吨权利金卖出一张9月到期执行价格为1000元/吨的小麦看跌期权。当相应的小麦期货合约价格为1120元/吨时,该投资者收益为()元/吨
最新回复
(
0
)