首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The idea that science can, and should, be run according to fixed and universal rules, is both unrealistic and pernicious. (81) I
The idea that science can, and should, be run according to fixed and universal rules, is both unrealistic and pernicious. (81) I
admin
2011-03-05
67
问题
The idea that science can, and should, be run according to fixed and universal rules, is both unrealistic and pernicious. (81)
It is unrealistic, for it takes too simple a view of the talents of man and of the circumstances which encourage, or cause, their development.
And it is pernicious, for the attempt to enforce the rules is bound to increase our professional qualifications at the expense of our humanity. (82)
In addition, the idea is detrimental to science, for it neglects the complex physical and historical conditions which influence scientific change.
It makes our science less adaptable and more dogmatic: every methodological rule is associated with cosmological assumptions, so that using the rule we take it for granted that the assumptions are correct. Naive falsificationism takes it for granted that the laws of nature are manifest and not hidden beneath disturbances of considerable magnitude. (83)
Empiricism takes it for granted that sense experience is a better mirror of the world than pure thought. Praise of" argument takes it for granted that the artifices of Reason give better results than the unchecked play of our emotions.
Such assumptions may be perfectly plausible and even true. Still, one should occasionally put them to a test. Putting them to a test means that we stop using the methodology associated with them, start doing science in a different way and see what happens. Case studies such as those reported in the preceding chapters show that such tests occur all the time, and that they speak against the universal validity of any rule. (84)
All methodologies have their limitations and the only "rule" that survives is "anything goes. "
(85)
The change of perspective brought about by these discoveries leads once more to the long- forgotten problem of the excellence of science. It leads to it for the first time in modern history, for modem science overpowered its opponents, it did not convince them.
Science took over by force, not by argument (this is especially true of the former colonies where science and the religion of brotherly love were introduced as a matter of course, and without consulting, or arguing with, the inhabitants). Today we realize that rationalism, being bound to science, cannot give us any assistance in the issue between science and myth and we also know that myths are vastly better than rationalists have dared to admit. Thus we are now forced to raise the question of the excellence of science.
选项
答案
经验主义者认为比起纯粹思维,理所当然,感知经验能更好地反映世界。支持这一看法的人认为理性技巧要比我们的未经检验的情感更有成效。
解析
(本段句式不难,含有两个比较结构,但翻译中运用了一些技巧,如a better mirror of the world的翻译,将名词转换为动词形式,译为“更好地反映世界”,符合中文的表达习惯。)
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/vEyK777K
本试题收录于:
A类竞赛(研究生)题库大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)分类
0
A类竞赛(研究生)
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)
相关试题推荐
YouhavereceivedthisletterfromanEnglish-speakingpen-friend.Readtheletterandwriteyourreportaboutfashionindustrie
OnedayIcanhearthefaintrustleofautumncoming.ThenextdayIcan’t.Oneeveningsummerleaksawayintothecoolnightsk
Therearefivesquaresarrangedinorderbelow.Thelastsquarehasbeenleftempty.Pleasefillinitinawaythatcontinuest
OnNewYear’sDay,1985,MichaelHarrisonphonedhisfather,SirErnest,towishhimaHappyNewYear.SirErnestwaschairmano
Alice’sAdventuresinWonderland(oftenshortenedtoAliceinWonderland)isgenerallythoughtofasoneofthegreatestbooksf
Acollisionbetweenanaircraftandoneormorebirdsistermedabird-strike.Pilotssometimesrecordabirdstrikewhileatcru
WhatwasthefirstthingJodydidwhenshearrivedinShanghai?
现在是一个极具变革的年代,你们为迎接新的挑战已经做好了准备。(81)是你们使我们的社会更加强大,我们的家庭更加健康和安全,我们的人民更加富裕。同胞们,我们已经进入了全球信息化时代,这是美国复兴的伟大时代。(82)作为总统,我所做的一切—
ChristmasDayisonFriday.ThreedaysaftertomorrowisChristmasDay.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmustbetree?
Doyousometimesforgetbirthdaysorimportantappointments?Don’tworry!Nowyoucangethelpfromyourcomputer.Thereisane
随机试题
甲是市环保局负责收取排污费的工作人员,其朋友乙称自己做生意需要资金周转,想让甲提供资金,并许诺给甲好处费。甲从其收取的排污费中拿出20万给乙,乙给了甲3万元好处费。不久,上级机关要到市环保局进行专项检查,甲害怕被查处,于是携带剩余的50万排污费潜逃。甲的行
6岁以下儿童每日正常尿量是
财产清查时,对往来款项的清查一般采用的清查方法是()。
从信息的稳定性出发,可将信息分为()。
.某教师在教学生求平行四边形面积时,讲授如下:连接AC,因为三角形ABC与三角形CDA的三边分别相等,所以,这两个三角形全等,三角形ABC的面积等于1/2底乘高,所以,平行四边形ABCD的面积等于底乘高,命题得到证明。然后,教师列举很多不同大小的平行四边形
小明坐在公交车上看到姐姐向相反的方向走,1分钟后小明下车向姐姐追去,如果他的速度比姐姐快1倍,汽车速度是小明步行的5倍,小明要多少分钟才能追上姐姐?
在虚拟地址和物理地址均为32位、页大小为4KB的某种体系结构中,假定存在表8-1所列的地址映像关系,问:对应于下列虚拟地址的物理地址分别是什么? (1)22433007H; (2)13385ABCH; (3)ABC890
A、 B、 C、 A根据“你能借给我一只毛笔吗?”可知答案为A。
Anewtechnique______,theyieldsasawholeincreasedby20percent.
A、TuitionGPA.B、Fearofatoohighlistprice.C、Debt.D、Highacademicvalue.BWhatisthebiggestwrongideawhenpeoplearel
最新回复
(
0
)