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  3. 61) An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students’ career prospects and tho

61) An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students’ career prospects and tho

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问题      61) An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students’ career prospects and those arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical educational reform. Very few writers on the subject have explored this distinction -- indeed, contradiction -- which goes to the heart of what is wrong with the campaign to put computers in the classroom.
     An education that aims at getting a student a certain kind of job is a technical education, justified for reasons radically different from why education is universally required by law. It is not simply to raise everyone’s job prospects that all children are legally required to attend school into their teens. 62) Rather, we have a certain conception of the American citizen, a character who is incomplete if he cannot competently assess how his livelihood and happiness are affected by things outside of himself. But this was not always the case; before it was legally required for all children to attend school until a certain age, it was widely accepted that some were just not equipped by nature to pursue this kind of education.  With optimism characteristic of all industrialized countries, we came to accept that everyone is fit to be educated.  63) Computer education advocates forsake this optimistic notion for a pessimism that betrays their otherwise cheery outlook. 64) Banking on the confusion between educational and vocational reasons for bringing computers into schools, computered advocates often emphasize the job prospects of graduates over their educational achievement.
     There are some good arguments for a technical education given to the right kind of student. Many European schools introduce the concept of professional training early in order to make sure children are properly equipped for the professions they want to join. It is, however, presumptuous to insist that there will only be so many jobs for so many scientists, so many businessmen, so many accountants. Besides, this is unlikely to produce the needed number of every kind of professional in a country as large as ours and where the economy is spread over so many states and involves so many international corporations.
     But, for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well developed skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job and not. Of course, the basics of using any computer these days are very simple. It does not take a lifelong acquaintance to pick up various software programs. If one wanted to become a computer engineer, that is, of course, an entirely different story. Basic computer skills take -- at the very longest -- a couple of months to learn. In any case, basic computer skills are only complementary to the host of real skill that is necessary to becoming any kind of professional.
    65) It should be observed, of course, that no school, vocational or not, is helped by a confusion over its purpose.
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答案对于计算机的课堂教学，一条无形的界限将人们的观点分成两种：一种是以学生的就业前景为理由，另一种是以激进的教育改革为理由。
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