首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. Unlike the minerals and oil use
Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. Unlike the minerals and oil use
admin
2013-02-03
71
问题
Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. Unlike the minerals and oil used to make plastics and metals, trees are replaceable. Paper is also biodegradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded. While 45 out of every 100 tonnes of wood fibre used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fibre from forests and plantations. By world standards this is a good performance since the worldwide average is 33 per cent waste paper. Governments have encouraged waste paper collection and sorting schemes and, at the same time, the paper industry has responded by developing new recycling technologies that have paved the way for even greater utilization of used fibre. As a result, industry’s use of recycled fibres is expected to increase at twice the rate of virgin fibre over the coming years.
Already, waste paper constitutes 70% of paper used for packaging, and advances in the technology required to remove ink from the paper have allowed a higher recycled content in newsprint and writing paper. To achieve the benefits of recycling, the community must also contribute. We need to accept a change in the quality of paper products; for example stationery may be less white and of a rougher texture. There also needs to be support from the community for waste paper collection programs. Not only do we need to make the paper available to collectors but it also needs to be separated into different types and sorted from contaminants such as staples, paperclips, string and other miscellaneous items.
There are technical limitations to the amount of paper which can be recycled and some paper products cannot be collected for re-use. These include paper in the form of books and permanent records, photographic paper and paper which is badly contaminated. The four most common sources of paper for recycling are factories and retail stores which gather large amounts of packaging material in which goods are delivered, also offices which have unwanted business documents and computer output, paper converters and printers and lastly households which discard newspapers and packaging material. The paper manufacturer pays a price for the paper and may also incur the collection cost.
Once collected, the paper has to be sorted by hand by people trained to recognize various types of paper. This is necessary because some types of paper can only he made from particular kinds of recycled fibre. The sorted paper then has to be repulped or mixed with water and broken down into its individual fibres. This mixture is called stock and may contain a wide variety of contaminating materials, particularly if it is made from mixed waste paper which has had little sorting. Various machinery is used to remove other materials from the stock. After passing through the repulping process, the fibres from printed waste paper are grey in colour because the printing ink has soaked into the individual fibres. This recycled material can only be used in products where the grey colour does not matter, such as cardboard boxes but if the grey colour is not acceptable, the fibres must be de-inked. This involves adding chemicals such as caustic soda or other alkalis, soaps and detergents, water-hardening agents such as calcium chloride, frothing agents and bleaching agents. Before the recycled fibres can be made into paper they must be refined or treated in such a way that they bond together.
Most paper products must contain some virgin fibre as well as recycled fibres and unlike glass, paper cannot be recycled indefinitely. Most paper is down-cycled which means that a product made from recycled paper is of an inferior quality to the original paper. Recycling paper is beneficial in that it saves some of the energy, labour and capital that goes into producing virgin pulp. However, recycling requires the use of fossil fuel, a nonrenewable energy source, to collect the waste paper from the community and to process it to produce new paper. And the recycling process still creates emissions which require treatment before they can be disposed of safely. Nevertheless, paper recycling is an important economical and environmental practice but one which must be carried out in a rational and viable manner for it to be useful to both industry and the community.
Summary:
From the point of view of recycling, paper has two advantages over minerals and oil in that firstly it comes from a resource which is【76】and secondly it is less threatening to our environment when we throw it away because it is【77】. Although Australia’s record in the re-use of waste paper is good, it is still necessary to use a combination of recycled fibre and【78】to make new paper. The paper industry has contributed positively and people have also been encouraged by the government to collect their waste on a regular basis. One major difficulty is the removal of【79】from used paper but advances are being made in this area. However, we need to learn to accept paper which is generally of a lower quality than before and to sort our waste paper by removing【80】before discarding it for collection.
选项
答案
contaminants
解析
文章第四段详细陈述了在搜集这些废纸的时候,我们要去掉上面的污物。contaminants污物,污染物。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/vLyK777K
本试题收录于:
A类竞赛(研究生)题库大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)分类
0
A类竞赛(研究生)
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)
相关试题推荐
Thereisnomagicrecipeforsuccess,butthereisoneessential【C1】ing______:therightattitude.Withoutapositiveattitude
Accordingtorecentsurveys,72%ofallAmericansbelievethattheUnitedStatesgovernmentis【C1】hi______informationaboutUFOs
TonyWheeleristhemanbehindtheLonelyPlanetguidebooks,bookswhicharelovedandhatedinequalmeasure.It’shardtopin
Whatisitthatattractssomanypeopletodiving?Thereasonsareasdiverseastheavailableexperiences.Driftdiversro
Somepeoplemaychoosetoliveonwaterforthepleasureandenjoymentofhavingahomethatisdifferentfromthehomesofmost
Nowadays,mostpeoplerealisethatit’sriskytousecreditcardonline.However,fromtimetotime,weallusepasswordsandgo
Whatnumbershouldreplacethequestionmark?
Workingouttomusiccanimprovethecoordinationofyourmindandbody,【C1】______youarefootballcrazyorkeenontennis.Th
随机试题
横断层面上不能作为左叶间裂划分的标志性结构
简述汇票可分为哪些种类。
通过亲身实践来获得知识、技能,体现了课外校外教育的【】
血细胞包括红细胞、白细胞和_______,三者均来源于骨髓内生成的_______。
护士进行母乳喂养教育正确的内容是
公司型基金的持有人是基金公司的()
阅读《荷塘月色》的教学实录片段,回答问题。师:朱自清的这篇散文是有名的美文,请大家讨论一下,说说自己觉得最美的句子并简述理由。生:我最喜欢“层层的叶子中间,零星地点缀着些白花,有袅娜地开着的,有羞涩地打着朵儿的;正如一粒粒的明珠,又如碧天里的星星,又如
我们使用FORMATC-命令所做的格式化是(49)。
下列属于计算机病毒特征的是
DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninReadingPassage1?Inboxes9-13onyouranswersheet,writeTRU
最新回复
(
0
)