首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Scientists researching hypnosis have uncovered evidence that counters some of the skepticism about the technique. One skeptical
Scientists researching hypnosis have uncovered evidence that counters some of the skepticism about the technique. One skeptical
admin
2013-01-20
68
问题
Scientists researching hypnosis have uncovered evidence that counters some of the skepticism about the technique. One skeptical hypothesis is that hypnosis may be the product of "vivid imagination", a now discredited charge stemming from the observation that many people who are hypnotizable can be led to experience compellingly realistic auditory and visual hallucinations. Nothing that an auditory hallucination and the act of imagining a sound are both self-generated and that,like real hearing,a hallucination is experienced as the product of an external source, Henry Szechtman used PET (positron emission tomography) to image the brain activity of hypnotized subjects invited to imagine a scenario and then experiencing a hallucination. By monitoring regional blood flow in areas activated during both hearing and auditory hallucination but not during simple imagining, the investigators sought to determine where in the brain a hallucinated sound is mistakenly "tagged"as authentic and originating in the outside world.
Szechtman imaged the brain activity of eight very hypnotizable subjects who had been prescreened for their ability to hallucinate under hypnosis. During the session,the subjects were under hypnosis and lay in the PET scanner with their brain activity being monitored under four conditions:at rest;while hearing an audiotape of a voice,while imagining hearing the voice again;and during the auditory hallucination they experienced after being informed that the tape was playing once more,although it was not. The tests suggested that a region of the brain called the right anterior cingulate cortex was just as active while the vol-unteers were hallucinating as it was while they were actually hearing the stimulus. In contrast, that brain area remained dormant while the subjects were imagining that they heard the stimulus.
The second major objection raised by critics argues that hypnosis’ ability to blunt pain results from either simple relaxation or a placebo response. McGlashan established that while hypnosis was only as effective in reducing pain as a sugar pill for poorly hypnotizable people,highly hypnotizable subjects benefited three times more from hypnosis than from the placebo. In response to these successes,Rainville devised experiments to determine which brain structures are involved in pain relief during hypnosis,attempting to locate the brain structures associated with the suffering component of pain,as distinct from its sensory aspects. Using PET, he and other scientists found that hypnosis reduced the activity of the anterior cingulate cortex—an area known to be involved in pain—but did not affect the activity of the somatosensory cortex, where the sensations of pain are processed.
Despite the value of these findings,the mechanisms underlying hypnotic pain relief are still poorly understood. The model favored by most researchers is that the analgesic effect of hypnosis occurs in higher brain centers than those involved in registering the painful sensation, accounting for the fact that most autonomic responses that routinely accompany pain—such as increased heart rate—are relatively unaffected by hypnotic suggestions of analgesia.
Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?
选项
A、Research has suggested that positron emission tomography will soon answer most skeptical objections to the existence of the phenomenon of hypnosis.
B、Researchers have failed to present incontrovertible evidence that skeptical explanations of the hypnosis phenomenon are unwarranted.
C、Researchers have spent an adequate amount of time allaying skepticism concerning the effects of hypnosis,though more needs to be understood.
D、Researchers have recently made valuable discoveries concerning the potential of hypnosis in creating auditory hallucinations.
答案
C
解析
文章主旨题。根据原文,研究人员花了大量的时间和精力研究催眠问题,反驳了开篇提到的怀疑。文章在最后又指出,对于催眠止痛背后的机制我们仍然知之甚少,所以正确答案是C选项。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/vN2O777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Californiaseemstobethehomeofthehomelesssincemanyareoftenobservedtrampingalongrailroadtracksandthroughthedow
Recentlyscientistshavebeen【1】andperfectingothersourcesofenergy:nuclearoratomicpower,solar(sun)power,andsyntheti
Ifitwereonlynecessarytodecidewhethertoteachelementarysciencetoeverycneonamassbasisortofindthegiftedfewa
Itisnotconsidered______topickone’steethinpublic.
Aslongasherparentscanremember,13-year-oldKatieHarthasbeentalkingaboutgoingtocollege.Hermother,Tally,afinanc
ThelandscapeoftheGiant’sCauseway,lurkingbelowthegauntseawallwherethelandends,musthavestruckwonderintothehe
Thefridgeisconsideredanecessity.Ithasbeensosincethe1960swhenpackagedfoodfirstappearedwiththelabel:"storein
Justoverayearago,Ifoolishlylockedupmybicycleoutsidemyoffice,butforgottoremovethepannier.WhenIreturned,the
ThesituationonthereservationisaggravatedbythebiggenerationgapinmanyIndians’families.
随机试题
半自动仿形气割可以沿样板的外轮廓切割零件外形或内形,沿样板的()可以切割成直角零件。
荷马史诗广泛反映了()
诺思的主要学术贡献是()
基托应有一定厚度以保持抗弯、抗折,塑料基托一般厚度为()
X工业企业下设供水、供电两个辅助生产车间,采用交互分配法进行辅助生产费用的分配。2017年4月,供电车间交互分配前实际发生的生产费用为10万元,应负担供水车间的水费为2万元;供电总量为50万千瓦时(其中:供水车间耗用10万千瓦时,基本生产车间耗用20万千瓦
苏轼,诗清新豪健,善用夸张比喻,在艺术表现方面________________,与黄庭坚并称“苏黄”;词开豪放一派,对后代很有影响,与辛弃疾并称“苏辛”;书法擅长行书、楷书,能自创新意,用笔_________________,有天真烂漫之趣,与黄庭坚、米芾
“所有公共政策的后续效应可能是难以预料的。”下列哪项判断的涵义与上述判断最为相近?()
下列句子中没有语病的一项是()。
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledEffectsofTVProgramsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbel
Ifyou’refindingittoughtolandajob,tryexpandingyourjob-huntingplantoincludethefollowingstrategies:Setyour
最新回复
(
0
)