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  3. Genetically engineered crops are safe for humans and animals to eat and have not caused increases in cancer, obesity, gastrointe

Genetically engineered crops are safe for humans and animals to eat and have not caused increases in cancer, obesity, gastrointe

admin2022-05-20  53
问题     Genetically engineered crops are safe for humans and animals to eat and have not caused increases in cancer, obesity, gastrointestinal illnesses, Sidney disease, autism or allergies, an exhaustive report from the National Academies of Science released Tuesday found.
    Overall, genetically engineered ( GE) crops saved farmers in the United States money but didn’t appear to increase crop yields. They have lowered pest populations in some areas, especially in the Midwest but increased the number of herbicide-resistant weeds in others. There’s also no evidence that GE crops have affected the population of monarch butterflies, the report said.
    To gauge whether foods made from genetically modified crops were safe for human consumption, the committee compared disease reports from the United States and Canada, where such crops have been consumed since the mid-1990s, and those in the United Kingdom and western Europe, where they are not widely eaten. No long-term pattern of increase in specific health problems after the introduction of GE foods in the 1990s in the United States and Canada was found.
    There was no correlation between obesity or Type Ⅱ diabetes and the consumption of GE foods. Celiac disease, which makes humans intolerant of gluten, increased in both populations. Patterns in the increase in autism spectrum disorder in children were similar in both the United Kingdom and the United States, the committee reported.
    Overall the report concluded that there were no differences in terms of a higher risk to human health between foods made from GE crops and those made from conventionally-bred crops.
    Food & Water Watch, a government accountability group in Washington D. C. , said the committee’s ties to the biotech industry and other corporations create conflicts of interest and raise questions about the independence of its work. "Critics have long been marginalized, " said Wenonah Hauter, the group’s executive director.
    A significant portion of American consumers are concerned about the safety or other effects of foods made with genetically modified crops, often called GMOs for genetically modified organisms. A survey released last year by the NPD Group, a market research firm, found that 57% of Americans were concerned that genetically modified foods posed a health hazard.
    The food industry has taken notice. In 2015, Progressive Grocer, a trade publication, reported that total U. S. sales of food and beverage products labeled "non-GMO" reached $ 10 billion during 2014. The National Academies report will likely not sway these consumers, said Phil Lempert, a Los Angeles-based food industry analyst.
    "It’s an emotional issue, it’s not a science issue, "he said.
Wenonah Hauter believes that the report from the National Academies of Science
选项 A、answers questions of the public about GM foods
B、is impacted by groups with different interests
C、creates conflicts between corporations and public
D、tightens the ties between society and biotech industry
答案B
解析 推理判断题。第六段提到“他们认为委员会在与生物科技产业及其他公司的联系中夹杂有利益冲突，并质疑这份报告的独立性。团体的执行理事威诺那.豪特说：‘批评的声音一直受到排挤。’”B项体现出了委员会与其他公司可能会出现的利害关系，故B项正确。A项“回答了公众关于转基因食品的疑问”，原文没有提到公众，所以不正确；C项“引发企业和公众的矛盾”，原文中是conflict of interest(利益冲突)，指的是金钱上的往来，不是企业和公众之间的服务冲突，故不正确；D项“加强了社会和生物科技产业的联系”，原文中的tie是指美国国家科学院委员会和生物科技产业的联系，而不是社会的联系，所以错误。
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