首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer. The history of coffee Coffee in the Arab world - There was small-
Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer. The history of coffee Coffee in the Arab world - There was small-
admin
2018-05-28
76
问题
Complete the notes below.
Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.
The history of coffee
Coffee in the Arab world
- There was small-scale trade in wild coffee from Ethiopia.
- 1522: Coffee was approved in the Ottoman court as a type of medicine.
- 1623: In Constantinople, the ruler ordered the 【L31】______of every coffee house.
Coffee arrives in Europe (17th century)
- Coffee shops were compared to 【L32】______
- They played an important part in social and 【L33】______changes.
Coffee and European colonisation
- European powers established coffee plantations in their colonies.
- Types of coffee were often named according to the 【L34】______they came from.
- In Brazil and the Caribbean, most cultivation depended on 【L35】______
- In Java, coffee was used as a form of 【L36】______
- Coffee became almost as important as 【L37】______
- The move towards the consumption of 【L38】______in Britain did not also take place in the USA.
Coffee in the 19th century
- Prices dropped because of improvements in【L39】______
- Industrial workers found coffee helped them to work at 【L40】______
【L39】
In my presentation, I’m going to talk about coffee, and its importance both in economic and social terms. We think it was first drunk in the Arab world, but there’s hardly any documentary evidence of it before the 1500s, although of course that doesn’t mean that people didn’t know about it before then.
However, there is evidence that coffee was originally gathered from bushes growing wild in Ethiopia, in the northeast of Africa. In the early sixteenth century, it was being bought by traders, and gradually its use as a drink spread throughout the Middle East. It’s also known that in 1522, in the Turkish city of Constantinople, which was the centre of the Ottoman Empire, the court physician approved its use as a medicine.
By the mid-1500s, coffee bushes were being cultivated in the Yemen and for the next hundred years this region produced most of the coffee drunk in Africa and the Arab world. What’s particularly interesting about coffee is its effect on social life. It was rarely drunk at home, but instead people went to coffee houses to drink it. These people, usually men, would meet to drink coffee and chat about issues of the day. But at the time, this chance to share ideas and opinions was seen as something that was potentially dangerous, and
in 1623 Q31 the ruler of Constantinople demanded the destruction of all the coffee houses in the city
, although after his death many new ones opened, and coffee consumption continued. In the seventeenth century, coffee drinking spread to Europe, and here too
coffee shops became Q32 places where ordinary people, nearly always men, could meet to exchange ideas. Because of this, some people said that these places performed a similar function to universities.
The opportunity they provided for people to meet together outside their own homes and to discuss the topics of the day had an enormous impact on social life, and
many social movements and Q33 political developments had their origins in coffee house discussions.
In the late 1600s, the Yemeni monopoly on coffee production broke down and coffee production started to spread around the world, helped by European colonisation. Europeans set up coffee plantations in Indonesia and the Caribbean and production of coffee in the colonies skyrocketed. Different types of coffee were produced in different areas, and
it’s Q34 interesting that the names given to these different types, like Mocha or Java coffee, were often taken from the port they were shipped to Europe from.
But if you look at the labour system in the different colonies, there were some significant differences.
In Brazil and the various Caribbean colonies, coffee was grown in huge plantations and the Q35 workers there were almost all slaves.
But this wasn’t the same in all colonies: for example
in Java, which had been colonised by the Dutch, the peasants grew coffee and passed Q36 a proportion of this on to the Dutch, so it was used as a means of taxation.
But whatever system was used, under the European powers of the eighteenth century, coffee production was very closely linked to colonisation.
Coffee was grown in ever-increasing quantities Q37 to satisfy the growing demand from Europe, and it became nearly as important as sugar production
, which was grown under very similar conditions. However, coffee prices were not yet low enough for people to drink it regularly at home, so most coffee consumption still took place in public coffee houses and it still remained something of a luxury item. In Britain, however, a new drink was introduced from China, and started to become popular, gradually taking over from coffee, although at first it was so expensive that only the upper classes could afford it. This was tea, and by the late 1700s it was being widely drunk. However,
when the Q38 USA gained independence from Britain in 1776. they identified this drink with Britain, and coffee remained the preferred drink in the USA
, as it still is today.
So, by the early nineteenth century, coffee was already being widely produced and consumed. But during this century, production boomed and coffee prices started to fall.
This Q39 was partly because new types of transportation had been developed which were cheaper and more efficient.
So now, working people could afford to buy coffee - it wasn’t just a drink for the middle classes. And this was at a time when large parts of Europe were starting to work in industries. And
sometimes this meant their work didn’t stop when it got dark: they might have Q40 to continue throughout the night.
So, the use of coffee as a stimulant became important - it wasn’t just a drink people drank in the morning, for breakfast.
There were also changes in cultivation ...
选项
答案
transportation
解析
我们首先听到了定位词price,然后听到答案对应信息“…coffee prices started to fall.This was partly because new types of transportation had been developed which were cheaper and more efficient.”,其中fall为题干提示词drop的同义替换,because后直接引出答案transportation。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/vW8O777K
本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思听力
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
Questions14-17Thetexthas8paragraphs(A-H).Whichparagraphdoeseachofthefollowingheadingsbestfit?*
READINGPASSAGE2Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions14-26,whicharebasedonReadingPassage2below.
Questions29-35DothefollowingstatementsreflecttheviewsofthewriterinReadingPassage39.Inboxes29-35onyouranswer
Questions29-35DothefollowingstatementsreflecttheviewsofthewriterinReadingPassage39.Inboxes29-35onyouranswer
Questions14-18ReadingPassage2hassixsectionsA-F.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingsforsectionsA-DandFfromthelisto
Questions28-35Completethenotesbelowusingwordsfromthebox.Writeyouranswersinboxes28-35onyouranswersheet.
Questions28-35Completethenotesbelowusingwordsfromthebox.Writeyouranswersinboxes28-35onyouranswersheet.
Questions28-35Completethenotesbelowusingwordsfromthebox.Writeyouranswersinboxes28-35onyouranswersheet.
Questions28-35Completethenotesbelowusingwordsfromthebox.Writeyouranswersinboxes28-35onyouranswersheet.
随机试题
简述美国独立管制机构的特点。
在国际上,根据各种保险业务的性质和经营规则,将整个保险业务划分为()
非金融类不良资产是指非金融机构所有。但不能为其带来经济利益.或带来的经济利益低于账面价值,已经发生价值贬损的资产,以及各类金融机构作为中间人委托管理其他法人或自然人财产形成的不良资产等其他经监管部门认为的不良资产。()
你的助理小王工作时常常先激情满怀,加班加点地干,过两天热情就迅速消退,常把单位的活动搞得虎头蛇尾。你应该()。
企业难以将某项变更区分为会计政策变更还是会计估计变更的,应将其作为会计政策变更处理。()
按市场工具划分,资本市场不包括哪一项?()
若f(x)在[a,b]上具有连续的导数,且f(a)=f(b)=0,又,则=[].
经济文化相对落后的国家建设社会主义具有长期性,这是因为
将内存变量定义为全局变量的VisualFoxPro命令是
A、He’sindependent.B、He’sambitious.C、He’srighteous.D、He’suntrustworthy.D语义理解题。男士说如果他们拒绝Peter的报价,他们可能就找不到别的合作者了;女士说她也是这么想的
最新回复
(
0
)