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  3. The Northern Lights The sun is stormy and has its own kind of weather. It is so hot and active that even the Sun’ s gravity

The Northern Lights The sun is stormy and has its own kind of weather. It is so hot and active that even the Sun’ s gravity

admin2014-09-13  31
问题                         The Northern Lights
    The sun is stormy and has its own kind of weather. It is so hot and active that even the Sun’ s gravity cannot hold its atmosphere in check! Energy flows away from the Sun toward the Earth in a stream of electrified particles that move at speeds around a million miles per hour. These particles are called plasma(等离子体), and the stream of plasma coming from the Sun is called the solar wind. The more active the Sun, the stronger the solar wind.
    The solar wind constantly streams toward the Earth, but don’ t worry because a protective magnetic field surrounds our planet. The same magnetic field that makes your compass point north also steers the particles from the Sun to the north and south poles. The charged particles become trapped in magnetic belts around the Earth. When a large blast of solar wind crashes into the Earth’ s magnetic field, the magnetic field first gets squeezed and then the magnetic field lines break and reconnect. The breaking and reconnecting of the magnetic field lines can cause atomic particles called electrons trapped in the belts to fall into the Earth’ s atmosphere at the poles. As the electrons fall to the Earth, they collide with gas molecules in the atmosphere, creating flashes of light in the sky.
    Each atmospheric gas glows a different color. Oxygen and nitrogen glows red and green and nitrogen glows violet purple. As these various colors glow and dance in the night sky, they create the Northern Lights and the Southern Lights.
    Watching auroras(北极光)is fun and exciting, but normally you can only see them in places far north like Alaska and Canada. The movement of the aurora across the sky is usually slow enough to easily follow with your eyes but they can also pulsate(跳动), flicker(闪烁), or even move like waves. During solar maximum, 5 auroras are seen as far south as Florida, even Mexico’ Auroras often seem to be very close to the ground, but the lowest aurora is still about 100 kilometers above the ground, a distance much higher than clouds are formed or airplanes can fly. A typical aurora band can be thousands of kilometers long, a few hundred kilometers high, but only a few hundred meters thick.
    We hope you are able to travel to far north places like the Arctic Circle and see the Northern Lights at least once during your lifetime. We know you will never forget it!
The Northern Lights are created when______.
选项 A、the magnetic field lines fail to reconnect
B、the electrons falling to the Earth shine in different colors
C、atomic particles fall to the Earth and collide with atmospheric gas molecules
D、oxygen and nitrogen are separated from the atmospheric gases
答案C
解析 根据第二段最后一句可知，电子落向地球时与大气中的气体分子碰撞而产生了光芒；根据第三段第一句和第三句可知，碰撞后每种大气分子发出的光芒不同；不同的光芒在天空中闪现，造成了北极光和南极光；根据第二段第五句可知，原子粒子被称为电子。由此推出，北极光是由电子，即原子粒子，与大气中的气体分子碰撞造成的。
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