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  3. What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe? What is the coldest air temperature ever recorded on the Earth? Where was this low

What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe? What is the coldest air temperature ever recorded on the Earth? Where was this low

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问题                 What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe?
    What is the coldest air temperature ever recorded on the Earth? Where was this low temperature recorded? The coldest recorded temperature on Earth was -91℃, which【C1】______in Antarctica in 1983.
    We encounter an interesting situation when we discuss temperatures in【C2】______temperatures in Earth orbit actually range from about 20℃ to 120℃. The temperature depends upon【C3】______you are in direct sunlight or shade. Obviously, -120℃ is colder than our body can safely endure. Thank NASA science for well-designed space【C4】______that protect astronauts from these temperature extremes.
    The space temperatures just discussed affect only our areal of the solar【C5】______. Obviously, it is hotter closer to the Sun and colder as we travel away from the Sun. Astronomers estimate temperatures at Pluto are about -210°C. How cold is the lowest estimated temperature in the entire universe? Again, it depends upon your【C6】______. We are taught it is supposedly【C7】______to have a temperature below absolute zero, which is -273℃, at which atoms do not move. Two scientists, whose names are Cornell and Wieman, have successfully cooled down a gas to a temperature barely【C8】______absolute zero. They won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001 for their work—not a discovery, in this case.
    Why is the two scientists work so important to science?
    In the 1920s, Satyendra Nath Bose was studying an interesting【C9】______about special light particles we now call photons. Bose had trouble【C10】______other scientists to believe his theory, 【C11】______he contacted Albert Einstein. Einstein’s calculations helped him. theorize that atoms 【C12】______behave as Bose thought—but only at very cold temperatures.
    Scientists have also discovered that【C13】______atoms can help them make the world’s atomic docks even more accurate. These clocks are so accurate today they would only lose one second 【C14】______six million years! Such accuracy will, help us travel in space because distance is velocity times time(d = v× t). With the long distances involved in space【C15】______, we need to know time as accurately as possible to get accurate distance.
【C13】
选项 A、ultra small
B、ultra-fast
C、ultra-hot
D、ultra-cold
答案D
解析
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