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  3. The collapse of Enron, the largest bankruptcy in American history, has rung out a banner year for American business failures. In

The collapse of Enron, the largest bankruptcy in American history, has rung out a banner year for American business failures. In

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问题     The collapse of Enron, the largest bankruptcy in American history, has rung out a banner year for American business failures. In Europe, the fallout from the Swissair and Sabena insolvencies continues. In the current global slump, more companies are likely to go under. Now is a perfect time to reconsider how to handle such failures, let them sink, or give them a chance to swim?
    In America, bankruptcy has come to mean a second chance for bust businesses. The famous "Chapter 11" law aims to give a company time to get back on its feet, by shielding it from debt payments and prodding banks to negotiate with their debtor. It even allows an insolvent company to receive fresh finance after it goes bust. On the other side of the Atlantic, when companies stumble, almost as much effort is spent in fingering the guilty as in trying to salvage a viable business. British and French laws, for example, can make a failing company’s directors face criminal penalties and personal liability. Moreover, bankers have the power, at the first sign of trouble, to push a company into the arms of the receivers. Some modest changes are afoot, however. Britain is considering moves that would bring its rules closer to America’s. New laws in Germany should also make it easier to revive sick companies, although trade unions still have their say.
    But even with the arrival of the euro and moves towards a single financial market, going bust in Europe is a strictly local affair. Long before America had a single currency, the American constitution provided uniform bankruptcy laws, observes Elizabeth Warren of the Harvard Law School. Europe’s patchwork of national laws, according to Bill Brandt of Development Specialists, a consultancy, inhibits lending and makes it difficult to fix ailing firms.
    Transatlantic insolvencies are even harder, as a Belgian-based software company, Lernout and Hauspie, discovered this year. Its American reorganization plan was thwarted by a Belgian judge, who ordered a sale of the firm’s assets. As the European Union inches toward greater harmonization, should it try to mimic America?
    Critics of Chapter 11 think not. They argue that America’s bankruptcy system is wasteful, lets failed managers go unpunished, and gives some companies an unfair advantage. In Chapter 11, admittedly, lawyers and advisers gobble up fees, but a recent study argues that the fees are no larger than those for most mergers and acquisitions. One common complaint, that managers enjoy the high life while creditors go begging, fails to stand up to the data from America’s previous wave of bankruptcies in the early 1990s. Stuart Gilson of the Harvard Business School found that more than two-thirds of top managers were ousted within two years of a bankruptcy filing. More troubling is that some American firms seem to enjoy second and third trips to bankruptcy court, cheekily termed Chapters 22 and 33. Some see this as evidence that, too often, they use Chapter 11 to keep running. But there is more to the story.
选项 A、triggers grand-scale economic recession in America.
B、affects the Swissair and Sabena in Europe.
C、marks the most dramatic economic situation in America.
D、gets more companies into trouble around the world.
答案C
解析 本题解题的关键之一是准确理解各选项中动词的含义。trigger意为"引发"；affect意为"影响、波及"；mark意为"标志"；get…into trouble意为"使卷入麻烦、累及"。根据第一段，可知安龙公司破产案使美国严峻的经济形势雪上加霜。另外，文中作者运用反语的修辞手法，称这一事件为"rung out a banner year for American business failures"，此处ring out意为"鸣钟送别"；banner意为"特别好的、杰出的"；a banner year本意为"最兴旺的一年"，此处指"美国经济衰退状况最严重的一年"。整句意为：美国最大的能源公司——安龙公司的倒闭使本已萧条的美国经济更是雪上加霜。因此为正确答案。
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