2. 外语
  3. • Read the article below about the management of original thinkers, and the questions on the opposite page. • For each question

• Read the article below about the management of original thinkers, and the questions on the opposite page. • For each question

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问题 • Read the article below about the management of original thinkers, and the questions on the opposite page.
• For each question (13-18), mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.
                       SHEER GENIUS - OR A WASTE OF TIME?
      Encourage your original thinkers and live with their strange habits, says Alan Worthin
      If one of your research staff announced that he had worked out a way to propel a vehicle on a cushion of air, would you tell him to concentrate on something practical, or suggest taking it further? If a member of your development team asked if she could come in late because she had her best ideas at 3 am would you insist that she is in the office at 9 am like everyone else?
      Current business wisdom is that companies need creative, innovative people to beat competitors. The reality is that companies have always needed new ideas to survive and progress, but in the past they weren’t particularly good at encouraging the people who produced them.
      Original thinkers don’t always fit easily into the framework of an organisation. However, the advice from managing director, John Serrano is, ’Get rid of the dull people and encourage the unusual ones’. Essentially, he believes that companies need to learn how to manage their original thinkers in order to ensure that the business profits from their contribution.  He also says, ’Original thinkers often find it difficult to drive change within the organisation, so they resign, feeling angry and disappointed. It is essential to avoid this.’
      You can’t recognise original thinkers by the way they look,’ says Ian Freeman. ’An apparently ordinary exterior can conceal a very creative thinker.’ His consultancy, IBT Personnel, has devised a structured way to identify original thinkers. ’We define employees as champions, free-wheelers, bystanders and weak links, and most original thinkers come into the category of free-wheelers. They may miss deadlines if they become involved in something more interesting. They are passionate and highly motivated but have little or no understanding of business directions and systems.’
      Headhunter George Solomon also thinks original thinkers have their disadvantages. ’They may have a bad influence within an organisation, especially given the current management trend for working in teams. The original thinkers them- selves may be unaware of any problem, but having them around can be disruptive to colleagues, who have to be allowed to point out when they are being driven crazy by the original thinkers’ behaviour.’ Yet, in his opinion, the ’dream team’ in any creative organisation consists of a balanced mixture of original thinkers and more practical, realistic people.
      So, having identified your original thinkers, how do you handle them? One well-known computer games company has a very inventive approach. ’We encourage our games designers by creating an informal working environment,’ says director Lorna Marsh. ’A company cannot punish risk- takers ff it wants to encourage creativity. Management has to provide support, coaching and advice-and take the risk that new ideas may not work. Our people have flexible working hours and often make no clear distinction between their jobs and their home lives.’
      Original thinkers may fit into the culture of 21st century organisations, but more traditional organisations may have to change their approach. Business psychologist Jean Row believes that the first step is to check that original thinkers are worth the effort. ’Are the benefits they bring worth the confusion they cause? If so, give them what they want, allow plenty of space, but set clear limits. Give them extremely demanding targets. If they fall to meet them, then the game is up. But if they succeed, your organisation stands only to gain.  
A traditional organisation wishing to employ original thinkers needs to
选项 A、provide them with projects they are interested in.
B、assess whether their contribution makes up for any problems.
C、have a flexible approach if goals are not always achieved.
D、be prepared to handle any negative feedback from colleagues.
答案B
解析
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