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Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes: emotional reactions as well as logical thought

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问题     Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes: emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. "The burnt child fears the fire" is one instance; another is the rise of despots like Hitler. Both these examples also point up the fact that attitudes come from experience. In the one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was indirect and cumulative. The Nazis were influenced largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.
    The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a strategic position to influence attitudes. This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose words are highly regarded by them.
    Another reason it is true is that pupils often devote their time to a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who had previously acquired little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of handling such a unit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.
    The media through which the teacher can develop wholesome attitudes are innumerable. Social studies(with special reference to races, creeds and nationalities), science matters of health and safety, the very atmosphere of the classroom…these are a few of the fertile fields for the inculcation of proper emotional reactions.
    However, when children go to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to attempt to change their feelings by cajoling or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain experiences.
    To illustrate, first-grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably alter their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research, outside reading and all-day trips.
    Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be negative if she has personal prejudices. This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decision as a result of objective analysis of all the facts.
In the following part immediately after this text, the author will most probably focus on______.
选项 A、some other suggestions for the classroom teacher
B、another important area of learning
C、how to help children decide on controversial issues
D、an example to show how children analyze the facts independently and draw their own conclusion on controversial issues
答案D
解析 向下文作信息推断的题目一般需要从尾段尾句着手，寻找向下推断的语义线索或依据。尾段尾句：This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decisions as a result of objective analysis of an the facts(尤其是在有争议的问题上，应该鼓励孩子们根据对相关事实的客观分析形成自己的看法)，根据本句中的情态动词should可知，本句是作者的观点，一般来讲，在作者的观点后面会有相关的论据对其做扩展解释，而最常见的论据形式即是举例，因此D项“举例证明孩子们就争议性问题如何独立地分析事实并得出自己的结论”，符合尾段尾句的逻辑推理，是正确答案。
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