首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Growing up without a father around can present a lot of challenges to a girl. Quite apart from the behaviour problems and lower
Growing up without a father around can present a lot of challenges to a girl. Quite apart from the behaviour problems and lower
admin
2009-06-24
51
问题
Growing up without a father around can present a lot of challenges to a girl. Quite apart from the behaviour problems and lower academic achievement that can accompany father absence, there are also potential consequences for sexual behaviour and relationships later in life: Daughters who grow up without a father in their home are more likely to reach puberty earlier, have sex earlier and are more likely to get divorced.
Dr. Lynda Boothroyd and Professor David Perrett at St. Andrews University asked webrecruited volunteers to rate the appearance of the faces of three groups of women: those whose parents had a good relationship as they were growing tip, those whose father was absent, and those whose parents stayed together but had a poor relationship.
66.__________.
So why should separated or warring parents be associated with masculinity in daughters? One theory is that stress during childhood could raise cortisol levels, and there is some evidence that this can have masculinising effects.
67.__________.
The researchers suggest that the link between parental relationships and appearance could have repercussions for the daughters’ choices of partner and success in relationships later in life, because, in general, less attractive women need to have lower expectations of partner quality or be willing to settle for short-term relationships.
68.__________.
Dr. David Waynforth, of Durham University, studied the effects of father absence in a Mayan population in Belize and found that sons of absent fathers had more masculine faces. He speculates that a masculine appearance and hence high testosterone levels may be a response to help overcome the disadvantage of being without a father, enabling sons to push their interests more aggressively to make their way in society.
69.__________.
Another potential influence on a woman’s sexual behaviour is the quality of relationships she has with men as she grows up. Professor Bruce Ellis, of the University of Arizona, found in a long- term study of girls in the United States and New Zealand that daughters whose fathers were absent tended to reach puberty earlier, and were much more likely to become pregnant as a teenager than daughters with two resident parents. He found that this early sexual activity was more pronounced in girls who were deprived of a father from early in life. Even among the girls who lived with their fathers, those who had a closer father-daughter relationship delayed sexual relationships for longer. Prof Ellis suggests that the quality of a girl’s relationship with her father, especially in the first five or so years of life, becomes internalised and sets the stage for her later sexual behaviour. Could the same be true of the physical effects that we see?
"The key research agenda for the future will be to assess facial masculinity and attractiveness in girls early in life", Prof Ellis says, "and then to determine whether girls who experience father absence and poor mother-father relationships change over time to become more masculinising and less attractive".
70.__________.
The St Andrews University study rated daughters of warring couples as the least attractive and they were deemed less healthy looking than those of separated parents, perhaps as a result of ongoing family tension. But as Dr. Boothroyd says: "It’s nothing new to suggest that long-term psycho-social stress is not good for children".
A. Another possibility is that hormones are responsible for both marital strife and masculinity in daughters: High parental testosterone levels or sensitivity could increase the chances of marital problems and desertion by the father, and if passed on to daughters could lead to a more masculine appearance.
B. The study, published in Proceedings of the Royal Society, found that father absence and parental marital strife were associated with less attractive, more masculine faces in daughters. The researchers also found that these women tended to have less feminine body shapes and more body fat than women whose parents had a good, stable relationship.
C. For all the disadvantages to girls of being without a father when they are growing up, they can take some comfort in the fact that they are likely to be more attractive than those whose parents stayed together in spite of marital strife.
D. "If you’re more masculine it’s going to be harder to get a good quality mate, in terms of what you’ve got to bargain with", says Dr. Boothroyd. "This could be driving certain elements of why women who grew up without fathers are less likely to be in long-term relationships".
E. Girls who enter puberty later generally had fathers who were active participants in care-giving; had fathers who were supportive to the girls’ mothers; and had positive relationships with their mothers. But it’s the fathers’ involvement, rather than the mothers’, which seems to be paramount to the age of the girls’ development.
F. Dr. Waynforth doesn’t think that women raised without a father around would be at a reproductive disadvantage. "While they may through higher facial masculinity be rated a bit lower for physical attractiveness, they should be more driven to seek sex and more sexual partners", he says, "assuming testosterone affects female sexual behaviour in the same ways that it seems to affect male sexual behaviour".
选项
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/vjTd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
RuthBenedict’shighlypopularbookPatternsofCulturestressedtheroleofcultureinpersonalityformation.
CustomsoftheWorldIfyoutravelaroundtheworld,youwillbesurprisedtofindjusthowdifferenttheforeigncustomscanbe
AdaptationofLivingThingsCertainanimalsandplantsdevelopcharacteristicsthathelpthemcopewiththeirenvironmentbe
StressLevelTiedtoEducationLevelPeoplewithlesseducationsufferfewerstressfuldays,accordingtoareportinthecu
Thecompanytakesenvironmentalissuesintoaccountwhereverpossible.
TheySayIreland’stheBestIrelandisthebestplaceintheworldtoliveinfor2005,accordingtoalifequalityranking
A.todiscoversentencepatternsandgrammaticalrulesB.toexpandvocabularyC.tousethetargetlanguageD.toencourageunsucce
TheScienceofPersuasionIfleadershipconsistsofgettingthingsdonethroughothers,thenpersuasionisoneoftheleader
随机试题
新时期爱国统一战线的对象包括()。
下列能体现中医学整体观念内涵的是
无芽孢厌氧菌正常寄居的部位不包括()
著名理学家程颢(1032—1085)、程颐(1033—1107)兄弟,洛阳人,生前大部分时间都在伊川、洛阳地区从事讲学和著述,他们创立的理学就被后人称为伊洛理学。
行政公产是指由行政主体(主要是指国家行政机关)为了提供公用而所有或管领的财产。这一概念主要包含了三层意思:第一,行政公产必须供公共之目的;第二,行政公产必须由行政主体所有或者管理;第三,行政公产是一种财产。根据上述定义,下列不属于行政公产的是:
乙的孙子丙因涉嫌抢劫被刑拘。乙托甲设法使丙脱罪,并承诺事成后付其10万元。甲与公安局副局长丁早年认识,但多年未见面。甲托丁对丙作无罪处理,丁不同意,甲便以揭发隐私要挟,丁被迫按甲的要求处理案件。后甲收到乙10万元现金。关于本案,下列选项错误的是
若磁盘的转速提高一倍,则(8)。
综合布线系统可分成6个子系统:()、配线子系统、干线子系统、设备间子系统、管理子系统和建筑群子系统。
请打开考生文件夹下的解决方案文件proj3,其中包含了类Integers和主函数main的定义。一个In—tegers对象就是一个整数的集合,其中包含0个或多个可重复的整数。成员函数add的作用是将一个元素添加到集合中,成员函数remove的作用是从集合中
SelectCase结构运行时,首先计算()的值。
最新回复
(
0
)