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  3. To preserve food, the growth of bacteria (细菌) must be controlled. Water, warmth, and food are all needed for bacteria to become

To preserve food, the growth of bacteria (细菌) must be controlled. Water, warmth, and food are all needed for bacteria to become

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问题     To preserve food, the growth of bacteria (细菌) must be controlled. Water, warmth, and food are all needed for bacteria to become strong and healthy. Some kinds of bacteria need air, but other kinds grow only when air is absent. Extremes of temperature, either hot or cold, can kill bacteria.
    Before refrigerators were invented, freezing and cooling were limited by the cold climate. In warmer regions, food was cooled by putting it in the shade, in cold water from the well, or in pits (坑) in the ground.
    Cooking will usually kill bacteria if the temperature is high enough and the high temperature lasts long enough. Certain methods of cooking remove water, and this aids in preserving food. Drying is the oldest and most common method of preserving food. Food can be dried by the sun, by heat or by combination of the two.
    Salt was used by many hunting people. When people began to eat vegetables, salt became a needed part of their life. Salt helps to preserve food because it slows or stops bacteria to grow. Other chemicals besides salt are used in preserving food. Some people oppose the use of chemicals in food. They say that these chemicals may harm people if the chemicals can harm bacteria.
Cooking is an effective way in preserving food because______.
选项 A、all cooking methods remove water
B、cooking can make the food become dry.
C、the light in cooking can kill bacteria
D、cooking can kill bacteria.
答案D
解析 根据第三段第一、二句“Cooking will usually kill bacteria…remove water，and this aids in preserving food．”可知，在一定的条件下烹饪法能杀死细菌，因此是一种保存食物的有效方法。故选D。
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