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  3. An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you’re more beautiful th

An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you’re more beautiful th

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问题     An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you’re more beautiful than you are. We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to achieve this. Social psychologists have amassed oceans of research into what they call the "above average effect ," or "illusory superiority," and shown that, for example, 70% of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership, 93% in driving and 85% at getting on well with others—all obviously statistical impossibilities.
    We rose-tint our memories and put ourselves into self-affirming situations. We become defensive when criticized, and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem. We stalk around thinking we’ re hot stuff.
    Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley oversaw a key study into self-enhancement and attractiveness. Rather than have people simply rate their beauty compared with others, he asked them to identify an original photograph of themselves from a lineup including versions that had been altered to appear more and less attractive. Visual recognition, reads the study, is "an automatic psychological process, occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation." If the subjects quickly chose a falsely flattering image—which most did—they genuinely believed it was really how they looked.
    Epley found no significant gender difference in responses. Nor was there any evidence that those who self-enhanced the most(that is, the participants who thought the most positively doctored pictures were real)were doing so to make up for profound insecurities. In fact, those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other markers for having higher self-esteem. "I don’t think the findings that we have are any evidence of personal delusion," says Epley. "It’s a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of themselves." If you are depressed, you won’ t be self-enhancing.
    Knowing the results of Epley’s study, it makes sense that many people hate photographs of themselves viscerally—on one level, they don’t even recognize the person in the picture as themselves. Facebook, therefore, is a self-enhancer’s paradise, where people can share only the most flattering photos, the cream of their wit, style, beauty, intellect and lifestyles. It’s not that people’s profiles are dishonest, says Catalina Toma of Wisconsin-Madison University, "but they portray an idealized version of themselves."
The word "viscerally"(Para. 5)is closest in meaning to______.
选项 A、occasionally
B、instinctively
C、particularly
D、aggressively
答案B
解析 词义题。根据关键词“viscerally”定位到第五段。前文埃普利的实验结果证明人们通常自我感觉良好。本段第一句提到Knowing the results of Epley’s study，it makes sense that many people hatephotographs of themselves viscerally(这就可以解释为什么许多人知道了埃普利的实验结果后，viscerally对他们自己的照片感到厌恶)，破折号后面解释道一on one level，they don’t even recognize the person in the picture asthemselves(在某种层面上，他们甚至并不认为照片中的人就是他们自己)，可见他们发自内心地、打心眼里厌恶图片中的自己。因此B项instinctively“本能地”与viscerally意思最相近，为正确答案。A项“偶然地”、C项“尤其”、D项“侵略地”均与原文不符。
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