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  3. The Eye’s Adaptation to Color As one works with color in a practical or experimental way; one is impressed by two apparently

The Eye’s Adaptation to Color As one works with color in a practical or experimental way; one is impressed by two apparently

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问题                     The Eye’s Adaptation to Color
    As one works with color in a practical or experimental way; one is impressed by two apparently unrelated facts. Color as seen is a mobile changeable thing depending to a large extent on the relationship of the color to other colors seen simultaneously. It is not fixed in its relation to the direct stimulus which creates it. On the other hand, the properties of surfaces that give rise to color do not seem to change greatly under a wide variety of illumination colors, usually(but not always)looking much the same in artificial light as in daylight. Both of these effects seem to be due in large part to the mechanism of color adaptation mentioned earlier.
    When the eye is fixed on a colored area, there is an immediate readjustment of the sensitivity of the eye to color in and around the area viewed. This readjustment does not immediately affect the color seen but usually does affect the next area to which the gaze is shifted. The longer the time of viewing, the higher the intensity, and the larger the area, the greater the effect will be in terms of its persistence in the succeeding viewing situation. As indicated by the work of Wright and Schouten, it appears that, at least for a first approximation, full adaptation takes place over, a very brief time if the adapting source is moderately bright and the eye has been in relative darkness just previously. As the stimulus is allowed to act, however, the effect becomes more persistent in the sense that it takes the eye longer to regain its sensitivity to lower intensities. The next result is that, if the eye is so exposed and then the gaze is transferred to an area of lower intensities, the loss of sensitivity produced by the first area will still be present and appear as an "afterimage" superimposed on the second. The effect not only is present over the actual area causing the "local adaptation" but also spreads with decreasing strength to adjoining areas of the eye to produce "lateral adaptation". Also, because of the persistence of the effect if the eye is shifted around from one object to another, all of which are at similar brightness or have similar colors, the adaptation will tend to become uniform over the whole eye.
If a person’s eye has been looking at an object in bright sunlight for some time, and then shifts to an object not well lit-such as a lawn or shrub in shadow-we can expert______.
选项 A、a time lag in the focusing ability of the eye
B、some inability to see colors of the latter-named objects until loss of sensitivity has been regained
C、the immediate loss of the "afterimage" of the first object
D、adaptation in the central area of the eye but little adaptation in the lateral areas to the new intensity level
答案A
解析 第二段第三句话指出观看的时间越长，强度越高。面积越大，就会对之后坚持观察的情况产生越大的影响。如果人眼由明亮的地方进入相对较暗的地方需要的适应时间会很短，由此可以推断由明处到暗处人眼需要一定时间来恢复灵敏度来辨别颜色。做推断题时应正确理解判断文章的说法和含义，找出选项和原文含义的细微区别。
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