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外语
"Professor’s Office" According to the professor, which factor causes staffing patterns to vary?
"Professor’s Office" According to the professor, which factor causes staffing patterns to vary?
admin
2012-01-14
55
问题
"Professor’s Office"
According to the professor, which factor causes staffing patterns to vary?
Narrator: Listen to a conversation on campus between a student and a professor.
Student: Thanks for seeing me, Professor Williams.
Professor: Glad to, Alice. What do you have on your mind?
Student: Well, I got a little mixed up when l started to go over my notes from the last class, so I Q18
had afew questions.
Professor: Shoot.
Student: Okay. I understand the three basic sources of personnel for multinational companies.
That’s fairly self-explanatory.
Professor: Host country, home country, and third country.
Student: Right. But then you started talking about staffing patterns that... let me see... okay
... you said, "staffing patterns may vary depending on the length of time that the Q19
multinational company has been operating," and you gave some examples, but I got
confused and now I can’t read my notes.
Professor: Okay. Well, one pattern is to rely on home country managers to staff the key positions
when the company opens, but gradually moving more host country nationals into upper
managernent as the company grows.
Student: So, for example, if a French company opened a factory in Canada, then French
management would gradually replace themselves with Canadian managers. Is that what
you mean?
Professor: Right. I think I used that very example in class. So do you want to try to explain the
second pattern to me?
Student: Sure. I think it’s the one where home country nationals are put in charge of the
company if it’s located in a developed country, but in a developing country, then home
country nationals manage the company sort of indefinitely.
Professor: Right again. And an example of that would be... Q20
Student: ... maybe using German management for a Swiss company in Germany, but, uh, they
might send Swiss management to provide leadership for a Swiss company in... in...
Professor: How about Zimbabwe?
Student: This is one of the confusing parts. Zimbabwe has a very old and highly developed
culture, so...
Professor: ... but it’s still defined as a developing country because of the economic base—which
is being developed now.
Student: Oh, okay. I guess that makes sense. Then the example of the American company with Q21
British management... when the company is in India... that would be a third-country
pattern. Professor:Yes. In fact, this pattern is fairly prevalent among multinational companies in the United
States. Many Scottish or English managers have been hired for top managernent
positions at United States subsidiaries in the former British colonies—lndia, Jamaica, the
West Indies, some parts of Africa...
Student: Okay. So I’ve got all the examples right now.
Professor: Anything else?
Student: Just one thing. There were some typical patterns for certain countries.
Professor: Like the last example.
Student: No. This came later in the lecture. Something about Japan and Europe.
Professor: Oh. Right. I probably said that both Japanese multinational companies and European Q22
companies tend to assign senior-level home country managers to overseas locations
for their entire careers, whereas multinational companies in the United States view
overseas assignments as temporary, so they may actually find themselves reporting to
a senior-level manager from the host country who has more experience.
Student: So, for example, a Japanese company in the United States would most probably have
senior-level Japanese managers with mid-level managers maybe from the United
States. But in Japan, the senior-level Japanese managers at an American company
would probably have mid-level American managers reporting to them?
Professor: Well, generalities are always a little tricky, but for the most part, that would be a typical
scenario. Because living as a permanent expatriate is a career move in Japan, but a
temporary strategy in the United States.
Student: Okay. That’s interesting.
Professor: And important for you to know as a business major with an interest in international
business. You’re still on that track, aren’t you?
Student: I sure am. But, you know, I wasn’t thinking in terms of living abroad for my entire career.
That really is a huge commitment, and something to ask about going in. Anyway, like
you say, most American companies view overseas assignments as temporary. That’s
more what I have in mind, for myself, I mean.
选项
A、The yearly earnings for all of the branch offices
B、The number of employees in a multinational company
C、The place where a company has its home office
D、The number of years that a company has been in business
答案
D
解析
The number of years that a company has been in business
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