2. 外语
  3. A number of colleges and universities have announced steep tuition increases for next year—more steeper than the current, very (

A number of colleges and universities have announced steep tuition increases for next year—more steeper than the current, very (

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问题     A number of colleges and universities have announced steep
tuition increases for next year—more steeper than the current, very (1)______
low rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because of
a loss in value of university endowments heavy invested in common (2)______
stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that
maximizes its pure revenues, irrespective of fluctuations in income; (3)______
and increasingly the outlook of universities in the United States is
indistinguishable from that of business firms. The arise in tuitions (4)______
may reflect the fact economic uncertainty increases the demand for (5)______
education. The biggest cost of being in school is foregoing
income from a job (this is primarily a factor in graduate-and
professional-school tuition); poorer one’s job prospects, the (6)______
more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to
education, in order to make oneself more marketable.
    The ways in which universities make themselves attractive to
students include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving
students a governance role, and eliminating requiring courses. (7)______
    Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students
as customers. Just as if business firms sometimes collude to lessen (8)______
the rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to
them of the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni
donations, so the best athletes now often bypass higher education
in order to obtain salaries earlier from professional teams. And until
they were stopped by the antitrust authorities, the Ivy League
schools colluded to limit competition for the best students, by agreeing
not to reward scholarships on the basis of merit rather than purely (9)______
of need—just like business firms agreeing not to give discounts on (10)______
their best customers.
(8)
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