首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In the 1350s poor countrymen began to have cottages and gardens which they could call their own. Were these fourteenth-century p
In the 1350s poor countrymen began to have cottages and gardens which they could call their own. Were these fourteenth-century p
admin
2015-01-09
51
问题
In the 1350s poor countrymen began to have cottages and gardens which they could call their own. Were these fourteenth-century peasants,then,the originators of the cottage garden? Not really:the making and planting of small mixed gardens had been pioneered by others,and the cottager had at least two good examples which he could follow. His garden plants might and to some extent did come from the surrounding countryside,but a great many came from the monastery gardens. As to the general plan of the small garden,in so far as it had one at all,that had its origin not in the country,but in the town.
The first gardens to be developed and planted by the owners or tenants of small houses town cottages as it were,were almost certainly those of the suburbs of the free cities of Italy and Germany in the early Middle Ages. Thus the suburban garden,far from being a descendant of the country cottage garden, is its ancestor,and older,in all probability,by about two centuries. On the face of it a paradox,in fact this is really logical enough:it was in such towns that there first emerged a class of man who was free and who,without being rich,owned his own small houses craftsman or tradesman protected by his guild from the great barons,and from the petty ones too. Moreover.it was in the towns,rather than in the country, where the countryside provided herbs and even wild vegetables,that men needed to cultivate pot-herbs and salads. It was also in the towns that there existed a demand for market-garden produce.
London lagged well behind the Italian,Flemish,German and French free cities in this bourgeois progress towards the freedom of having a garden;yet,as early as the thirteenth century,well before the Black Death,Fitz Steven,biographer of Thomas a Becket, was writing that,in London: "On all sides outside the house of the citizens who dwell in the suburbs there are adjoining gardens planted with trees, both spacious and pleasing to the sight".
Then there is the monastery garden,quoted often as a "source" of the cottage garden in innumerable histories of gardening. The gardens of the great religious establishments of the eighth and ninth centuries had two origins:St. Augustine,copying the Greek academe did his teaching in a small garden presented to him for that purpose by a rich friend:thus the idea of a garden-school,which began among the Greek philosopher-teachers,was carried on by the Christian church. In the second place,since one of the charities undertaken by most religious orders was that of healing,monasteries and nunneries needed a garden of medicinal herbs. Such physic gardens were soon supplemented by vegetable,salad and fruit gardens in those monasteries which enjoined upon their members the duty of raising their own food,or at least a part of it. They tended next to develop,willy-nilly into flower gardens simply because many of the herbaceous plants grown for medicinal purposes,or for their fragrance as strewing herbs,had pretty flowers— for example,violets,marjoram,pinks,primroses,madonna lilies and roses. In due course these flowers came to be grown for their own sakes,especially since some of them. Lilies and roses notably,had a ritual or religious significance of their own. The madonna lily had been Aphrodite’s symbolic flower.it became Mary’s;yet its first association with horticulture was economic;a salve or ointment was made from the bulb.
Much earlier than is commonly realized,certain monastic gardeners were making remarkable progress in scientific horticulture—for example,in forcing flowers and fruit out of season in cloister and courtyard gardens used as conservatories—which had lessons to teach cottagers as well as castle-dwellers.
What cottage gardeners could learn from the monasteries was_____.
选项
A、how to control growth by special conditions
B、the need for earlier planting
C、how to choose the best plants for that climate
D、the need for sheltered conditions
答案
D
解析
题目问:从寺院那里,城堡园丁学到了什么?通过文章内容可知,某些寺院从事园艺的人,早在人们普遍意识到这点之前,就在科学地从事园艺方面取得了很大的进步。举例来说,把修道院和寺院的花园改作暖房,从而使花朵的生长不受时节的限制。这不仅启发了居民,而且也启发了居住在城堡中的人,使他们从中得到了学习。所以,答案是D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/wQLO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Itwasnotuntilshereturnedhome______sherealizedshehadalmostwastedtenofhervaluablehours.
Afterfailinghismid-termexams,Jeremywas______facehisparents.
Mostpeoplewouldbe【71】bythehighqualityofmedicine【72】tomostAmericans.Thereisalotofspecialization,agreatdealof【
Mostpeoplewouldbe【71】bythehighqualityofmedicine【72】tomostAmericans.Thereisalotofspecialization,agreatdealof【
Mostpeoplewouldbe【71】bythehighqualityofmedicine【72】tomostAmericans.Thereisalotofspecialization,agreatdealof【
Mostpeoplewouldbe【71】bythehighqualityofmedicine【72】tomostAmericans.Thereisalotofspecialization,agreatdealof【
Inthe1350spoorcountrymenbegantohavecottagesandgardenswhichtheycouldcalltheirown.Werethesefourteenth-centuryp
Inthe1350spoorcountrymenbegantohavecottagesandgardenswhichtheycouldcalltheirown.Werethesefourteenth-centuryp
Inthe1350spoorcountrymenbegantohavecottagesandgardenswhichtheycouldcalltheirown.Werethesefourteenth-centuryp
随机试题
更换抽油机井胶皮阀门芯拆卸顺序首先是()。
视网膜母细胞瘤的超声表现有哪些
DSA能量减影常使用的两种管电压为
下面不属于浆细胞白血病临床表现的是
甲公司2018年“应付职工薪酬”科目期初贷方余额为80万元,期末贷方余额为5万元。本期计入管理费用的职工薪酬为30万元,计入生产成本的职工薪酬为20万元。甲公司本年支付给离退休人员的费用为3万元。假定不存在其他因素和事项,甲公司本年应列入“支付给职工以及为
档案利用工作是档案工作的()。
甲、乙两公司合作开发完成一项发明,在双方事先没有约定的情况下()。
下面程序中需要对Empleyee的对象进行存储,请在下画线处填入正确的选项。classEmployeeimplements______{…}
Accordingtolegend,theancientOlympicGameswerefoundedbyHeracles,asonofZeus.YetthefirstOlympicGamesforwhich
InWashingtonthisweek,TreasurySecretaryGeithnerannouncednewstepstorebuildtrustinfinancialmarketsandrestartthef
最新回复
(
0
)