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  3. In the last 30 years, science and technology have had a truly dramatic impact on sports. There are three major reasons for this.

In the last 30 years, science and technology have had a truly dramatic impact on sports. There are three major reasons for this.

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问题     In the last 30 years, science and technology have had a truly dramatic impact on sports. There are three major reasons for this. First, new artificial materials have appeared and been used in many sports—sometimes to revolutionary effect. Second, our design expertise has improved, partly through the development of computers and other technical tools. We know more and can plan and predict more accurately in many critical areas. The third reason why science and technology have had an increasing impact is that there is now the money and the motivation for them to do so. In a variety of ways, sport has become very big business, and in the matter of winning or losing, very large amounts of money may be at stake.
    Technology has influenced specific sports in many ways. Wherever a commercial mass market is involved, technical change may be promoted largely for the sake of change, to make this season’s product seem different from that of last season. An example of this trend is in the endless search for the perfect sports shoe. Anatomically precise support for the heel and ankle, air sacs for extra spring and comfort each year bring apparent new refinements. Even in retirement, basketball’s Michael Jordan remains one of sport’s biggest earners because of the deal he signed endorsing the Air Jordan shoe; and one of the richest sportspeople of all, though his winnings these days are minimal, is the veteran golfer Arnold Palmer, thanks to his endorsements of the latest in golf technology.
    More significant still in modern sports have been more general effects of technological advance. It has provided the means for timing athletes to thousandths of a second—and the means of replaying an event to check who won or to see if a break-rule occurred. It has put sport on television, so millions can watch without moving from their own homes. It has provided the means for testing for illegal drugs. It has also, for better or worse, given sportsmen and women a new attitude towards their own bodies—encouraged also by the high stakes, the sponsorship and the fevered media attention. Technology helps them plan the best diet and exercise regimes; it has created heart and lung monitors that measure stress and oxygen intake; and it allows athletes to keep a constant check on their own physical problems and progress. In terms of nutrition(fuel) and training(maintenance), the modern sportsperson is treated—and treats himself or herself—like a machine.
The example of sports shoes suggests that the technological advances in modern sports
选项 A、encouraged by commercial interests
B、supported by famous sportspeople
C、attributed to basketball performance
D、subjected to computer technology
答案A
解析 由第二段的第二句“wherever a commercial mass market is involved, technical change may be promoted…to make this season’s product seem different from that of last season．”可知，在市场上，为了体现变化，技术变革会被当作一大卖点，以此来促进销售，获取商业利益。下文中关于运动鞋的例子正是为了证明这一论点，故选A。
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