首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer. Engineering for sustainable development The Greenhou
Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer. Engineering for sustainable development The Greenhou
admin
2014-11-08
30
问题
Complete the notes below.
Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.
Engineering for sustainable development
The Greenhouse Project(Himalayan mountain region)
Problem
Short growing season because of high altitude and low 【L31】______
Freeh vegetabiee imported by lorry or by 【L32】______, so are expensive
Need to use eunlight to prevent local plants from 【L33】______
Previous programmes to provide greenhouses were 【L34】______
Hew greenhouse
Meets criteria for sustainability
Simple and 【L35】______to build
Made mainly from local materials(mud or stone for the walls, wood and 【L36】______for the roof)
Building and maintenance done by local craftsmen
Runs solely on 【L37】______energy
Only families who have a suitable 【L38】______can own one
Design
long side faces south
Strong polythene cover
inner 【L39】______are painted black or white
Social benefits
Owners’ status is improved
Rural 【L40】______have greater opportunities
More children are educated
【L31】
Narrator: You will hear a lecturer talking to a group of engineering students about the design of a greenhouse. Before you listen, you have some time to look at Questions 31-40. Now listen, and answer Questions 31-40.
Lecturer: Good afternoon. This is the first of a series of lectures I’ll be giving about engineering for sustainable development. I’ll be presenting examples of engineering projects from a variety of contexts, and today I’m going to talk about a project to design a new kind of greenhouse for use in the Himalayan mountain regions.
First of all, I’ll tell you about the problem which was the context for this project. In the Himalayan mountains, fresh vegetables and other crops can only be grown outside for about ninety days, during the summer, because the altitude of the region is around three thousand five hundred metres, and because the rainfall is so low. In winter, temperatures fall below minus twenty-five degrees celcius, so fresh vegetables have to be imported. They arrive by truck in summer or by air in winter, which makes them expensive. Local people rely on dried leafy vegetables and stored root crops during the winter, and rarely eat fresh vegetables.
But despite the sub-zero temperatures, the skies over the region are cloudless, and there are over three hundred sunny days per year. So an engineering solution was needed, to exploit the sun’s energy and protect locally produced plants from freezing during winter. And in fact, there had been programmes in the past to provide greenhouses, but these were unsuccessful. The greenhouses weren’t adapted for local conditions, so they tended to fall into disuse.
So, a few years ago, a project was initiated to design a better greenhouse, one which would meet the criteria for sustainability.
Lecturer: So, what are the criteria for sustainability? Well, first of all, the new greenhouse is designed to be relatively simple, so construction is cheap. Locally available materials are used wherever possible. The walls are generally constructed of mud bricks, made locally, although in areas of high snow-fall more resilient walls of stone are needed. Rammed earth is also used. The main roof is generally made from locally available poplar wood, with water-resistant local grass for the covering. In addition, the construction and maintenance of the greenhouse is done by local craftsmen. So local stone masons are employed to build the greenhouse walls, and specialised training is provided for them wherever necessary. Then... the greenhouse is designed to run on solar power alone, there’s no supplementary heating. And lastly, families are selected to own one of the new greenhouses with great care. They have to have a site which is suitable for constructing it on. They also have to be keen to make a success of using it, and also to share the produce with the wider community through sale or barter. Potential owners are taken to see existing greenhouses before they make a final decision about having one.
So, those are the features which make the project sustainable. And now I’ll briefly describe the design of the greenhouse. The greenhouses are orientated very carefully along an East-West axis, so that there’s a long South-facing side. The transparent cover on the South-facing side is made from a heavy-duty polythene, which should last for at least five years. On the inside of the greenhouse, the walls are painted—the rear and west-facing walls are black, to improve heat absorption, but the east-facing wall is white to reflect the morning sunlight onto the crops inside. Finally, there’s a door in the wall at one end, and vents are incorporated into the roof, the door and the wall at the other end, to enable control of humidity and prevent overheating.
I’ll turn now to the benefits which have resulted from the introduction of these new greenhouses. These benefits are of various kinds, but for now I’ll just mention the social benefits.
First of all, people who own a greenhouse gain social standing in their communities, because they provide vegetables for the wider community, for regular consumption as well as for festivals, and they also earn income. Secondly, because in rural areas it is women who usually grow the food, the greenhouses have increased their opportunities. They bring the benefits of improved nutrition, and increased family income, from the sale of surplus produce. And thirdly, as a result of their improved financial position, some families can now afford to educate their children for the first time.
选项
答案
rainfall
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/wYAO777K
本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思听力
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
Becausedifferentmammalianspeciesfavordifferentenvironments,identifyingandcountingbonesfromprehistoricdepositsinca
Whenratsareplacedunderconditionsofstress,theiradrenalglandsimmediatelyincreaseproductionofthehormonecorticoster
Forthefirsttime,fundingfordesigningexperimentstobeconductedduringspaceflightshasbeenmadeavailablebythegovern
Tellmeaboutafamouspersonwhoyouparticularlyadmire.Youshouldsay:whothepersonis(was)andwhytheyare(were)famo
2.PART2Tellmeaboutyourparents.Youshouldsay:whattheydoatworkandintheirfreetimesomethingabouttheircharac
Describesomeoneyouknowwhohasstartedabusiness.Youshouldsay:whothispersoniswhatworkthispersondoeswhythisper
Describeafamilymemberwhoyouadmire.Youshouldsay:whothispersoniswhatthispersonlookslikewhatkindofpersonhe/s
Doyouprefershoppingonlineorinphysicalstores?Why?
Whichdopeopleinyourcountryprefer,traditionalChinesefestivalsorforeignfestivals?
Doyouthinkautonomousvehicleswillbecomecommoninthefuture?
随机试题
垄断利润的主要来源()
主湿证的脉象有
黑白花奶牛,3岁,采食后突然发病。反刍停止,喜卧,呻吟,磨牙,排便量减少,精神沉郁,腹部膨胀,左欣窝扁平,听诊瘤胃蠕动音消失。对本病有诊断意义的瘤胃内容物呈()
以下表现与格林-巴利综合征无关的是
[2005年第19题]设A=,其中ai≠0,bj≠0(i=1,2,…,n),则矩阵A的秩等于()。
“进口口岸”栏应填报()。9.“成交方式”栏应填报()。
根据以下资料.回答下列问题。2011年1—8月份,全国规模以上工业企业实现利润32281亿元,同比增长28.2%。在规模以上工业企业中,国有及国有控股企业实现利润10175亿元,同比增长20.6%;集体企业实现利润519亿元,同比增长3
在下列一首七律的横线处填上一句最贴切的句子,正确的一项是()。江风送月海门东,人到江心月正中。______________,一船鸡犬欲腾空。帆如云气吹将灭,灯近银河色不红。如此宵征信奇绝,三更三点水精宫。
计算机系统软件中,最基本、最核心的软件是()。
A、It’swindy.B、It’scloudy.C、It’srainy.D、It’sshiny.D事实细节题。对于Albuquerque的天气,女士提到了Fineweather,显然应该是阳光明媚才对。
最新回复
(
0
)